酸性鉱山排水(AMD)に対する機械学習に基づく複数の透過性反応バリア(マルチPRB)のシミュレーションと最適化
Lai Zhou1,2, Jiliang Qian3,4, Yanzhuo Liu3,4
1Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China. zhoulai99@cumt.edu.cn.
Environmental geochemistry and health
|February 6, 2026
まとめ
本研究では、酸性鉱山排水(AMD)を処理するための複数の透過性反応バリア(マルチPRB)の最適化された設計を紹介する。機械学習は設計プロセスを大幅に改善し、処理効率と寿命を向上させた。
科学分野:
- 環境工学; 水処理技術; 地球化学
背景:
- 酸性鉱山排水(AMD)は、重大な環境問題を引き起こしています。透過性反応バリア(PRB)は、AMDに対する有望な原地処理技術です。マルチPRBの現在の実装は、メカニズムの理解と意思決定ツールの欠如によって制限されています。
研究 の 目的:
- マルチPRBにおける相乗的なTFeおよびSO₄2⁻除去をシミュレーションするための連成プロセス数値モデルを開発すること。効率的なマルチPRB設計のための機械学習統合最適化アプローチ(ML-NSGAII)を提案すること。主要な設計パラメータを特定し、AMD処理のための実用的な設計戦略を確立すること。
主な方法:
- マルチPRBシミュレーションのための連成プロセス数値モデルの開発。非支配ソート遺伝アルゴリズム(ML-NSGAII)内でのサロゲートモデルとしてのバックプロパゲーションニューラルネットワーク(BPNN)の統合。パラメータ特定と最適な設計選択のためのスピアマン相関、SHAP分析、およびTOPSIS-エントロピー重み法の適用。
主要な成果:
- ML-NSGAIIアプローチは、非常に正確なサロゲートモデル(R² > 0.99)により、計算負荷を99.7%削減しました。水力負荷と充填材のサイズが最も影響力のある設計パラメータであることが特定されました。石灰石、バイオ炭、D201樹脂を使用した最適化されたマルチPRB設計は、コストを削減しながら耐用年数と処理能力を大幅に向上させました。
結論:
- AMD処理のためのマルチPRBを設計するための計算効率が高く実用的な戦略が確立されました。開発されたML-NSGAIIフレームワークは、複雑な環境修復システムを最適化するための堅牢なツールを提供します。この研究は、酸性鉱山排水の修復におけるマルチPRBの効果的な実装に貴重な洞察を提供します。
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