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関連する概念動画

Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

472
Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their...
472
Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

473
It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
473
Subatomic Particles03:37

Subatomic Particles

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Dalton was only partially correct about the particles that make up matter. All matter is composed of atoms, and atoms are composed of three smaller subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. These three particles account for the mass and the charge of an atom.
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Interaction of EM Radiation with Matter: Spectroscopy01:12

Interaction of EM Radiation with Matter: Spectroscopy

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Electromagnetic (EM) radiation can be considered an oscillating electric and magnetic field propagating through a medium that can interact with matter in its path. The electric field in the radiation can interact with electrical charges in the atoms or molecules in the matter. On the other hand, the magnetic field can interact with the magnetic field in the atomic nucleus. The study of the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter is termed spectroscopy. Spectroscopy is the study...
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Temperature Dependent Deformation01:12

Temperature Dependent Deformation

412
In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added...
412
Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Bending01:18

Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Bending

525
When analyzing the deformation of a symmetric prismatic member subjected to bending by equal and opposite couples, it becomes clear that as the member bends, the originally straight lines on its wider faces curve into circular arcs, with a constant radius centered at a point known as Point C. This phenomenon helps to understand the stress and strain distribution within the member more clearly.
When the member is segmented into tiny cubic elements, it is observed that the primary stress...
525

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

A Robust Single-Particle Cryo-Electron Microscopy cryo-EM Processing Workflow with cryoSPARC, RELION, and Scipion
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クライオEM 2D分類後の粒子選択のための点群変形モデリング

Xuan Wang1, Zhengao Mo1, Fuwei Li2,3

  • 1School of Information and Intelligent Science, Donghua University, Shanghai, China.

BMC bioinformatics
|February 8, 2026
PubMed
まとめ

新しいモデルは、クライオ電子顕微鏡（cryo-EM）画像における粒子変形を正確に測定します。この方法は、誤分類された変形粒子を除外し、構造解析の質を向上させます。

キーワード:
データフィルタリング変形粒子単粒子クライオEM変分オートエンコーダー

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Single-Particle Cryo-EM Data Collection with Stage Tilt using Leginon

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Last Updated: Feb 10, 2026

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科学分野:

  • 構造生物学
  • 生物物理学
  • 顕微鏡法

背景:

  • クライオ電子顕微鏡（cryo-EM）は、高解像度の高分子構造決定に不可欠です。
  • 粒子変形のため、単粒子クライオEM画像の分類は困難です。
  • 従来の2D分類方法は、変形した粒子を誤分類し、下流の解析に影響を与えます。

研究 の 目的:

  • クライオEM画像における粒子変形を測定するための新しいモデルを開発すること。
  • 変形の問題に対処することにより、粒子分類の精度を向上させること。
  • クライオEM構造解析の信頼性を高めること。

主な方法:

  • 点群ベースの変形測定モデルが開発されました。
  • モデルは、変分オートエンコーダー（VAE）とヒューリスティックな点群マッチングアルゴリズムを統合しています。
  • 変形値を計算して粒子を特定し、フィルタリングします。

主要な成果:

  • モデルは、顕著な変形を持つ粒子を効果的に特定し、除去します。
  • シミュレートされたおよび実際のクライオEMデータセット（TMV、MS2）での実験により、堅牢な分類（F1：0.85-0.88）が実証されました。
  • この方法は、2D分類後の変形粒子をフィルタリングしながら、構造詳細の93-95％を保持しました。

結論:

  • このモデルは、クライオEMデータの品質を向上させるための後処理ステップとして機能します。
  • 変形した、または誤分類された粒子を除去することにより、分類精度が向上します。
  • 改善された粒子データセットは、クライオEMにおけるより信頼性の高い構造解析につながります。