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コーヒーと紅茶の摂取量,認知症のリスク,認知機能

Yu Zhang1,2,3, Yuxi Liu2,3,4, Yanping Li1,2

  • 1Department of Nutrition, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts.

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まとめ

カフェインを含むコーヒーやお茶を飲むことは,認知症のリスクの低下と認知機能の改善に関連しています. 適度な摂取量,約2〜3杯のコーヒーまたは1〜2杯の紅茶を毎日摂取すると,最も顕著な効果が示されました.

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科学分野:

  • 神経科学は神経科学である.
  • エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
  • 栄養科学とは,栄養科学である.

背景:

  • コーヒーと紅茶の消費と認知の健康を結びつける証拠は不確定である.
  • ほとんどの以前の研究では,カフェインを含むコーヒーの摂取量と,カフェインのないコーヒーの摂取量を区別していない.
  • これらの関連性を理解することは,公衆衛生上の勧告において極めて重要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • コーヒーの摂取 (カフェイン含有・非カフェイン含有) とお茶の摂取と認知症のリスクとの関連を調査する.
  • コーヒーと紅茶の消費と認知機能の関係,主観的認知機能低下と客観的認知機能の関係について調べる.

主な方法:

  • 看護師の健康研究 (NHS) の女性参加者と,医療従事者のフォローアップ研究 (HPFS) の男性参加者を含む前向きなコホート研究.
  • カフェイン入りのコーヒー,デカフェイン入りのコーヒー,お茶の摂取量は,2~4年ごとに検証された食品頻度アンケートを使用して評価されました.
  • 認知症の発生率は死亡記録と医師の診断を通じて特定され,認知機能はアンケートと神経心理学的テストを使用して評価されました.

主要な成果:

  • カフェイン入りのコーヒーの摂取量の増加は,認知症のリスクの低下 (HR,0.82;95%CI,0.76-0.89) と主観的認知機能低下の減少と有意に関連していました.
  • 紅茶の消費量の増加は,認知的な結果と似たような保護的関連性を示した.
  • デカフェインコーヒーの摂取は,認知症のリスクや認知能力との関連はありませんでした.
  • ドスレスポンス分析は,カフェインを含むコーヒーや紅茶と認知症のリスク,主観的な認知機能低下との非線形逆相関を示し,ピーク効果は適度な消費レベル (毎日2-3杯のコーヒーまたは1-2杯の紅茶) で示された.

結論:

  • カフェインを含むコーヒーや紅茶の消費量が増加すると,認知症のリスクが低下し,認知機能が向上するとの関連があります.
  • カフェインを含むコーヒーや紅茶の適度な摂取量は,認知の健康に最も有益であるようです.
  • これらの発見は,カフェインを含むコーヒーやお茶が,認知機能の維持と認知症の予防に役割を果たす可能性があることを示唆しています.