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カルスト川における窒素汚染と細菌の炭酸塩鉱化ポテンシャルの変化

Jing Mo¹, Zining Guo¹, Mengqi Shao¹

¹School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.

Journal of environmental management

|February 10, 2026

まとめ

人為的な窒素汚染は、主要な細菌群集と酵素活性を低下させることにより、カルスト川における微生物の炭酸塩沈殿を損なう。炭酸塩鉱化は、全無機窒素22 mg/Lを超えると著しく退化し、カルスト炭素シンクに影響を与える。

科学分野:

環境微生物学
地球化学
生態学

背景:

カルストシステムは、重要な炭素シンクである。
微生物の炭酸塩沈殿は、カルスト炭素循環の鍵である。
人為的な窒素汚染は、これらのプロセスを脅かしている。

研究の目的:

カルスト川における微生物鉱化に対する窒素汚染の影響を調査した。
細菌群集、炭酸無水酵素活性、炭酸塩沈殿への影響を分析した。
鉱化のための重要な窒素閾値を決定した。

主な方法:

カルスト川水の物理化学的分析。
微生物群集のメタゲノム解析。
共起ネットワークと機能経路解析。

主要な成果:

窒素汚染は、炭酸無水酵素産生菌（プロテオバクテリア、アクチノバクテリア）の多様性と個体数を減少させた。
炭酸無水酵素活性、重炭酸塩濃度、総アルカリ度を阻害した。
微生物間の相互作用を弱め、主要な代謝経路（例：カルビン・ベンソン・バシャム回路）を損なった。
炭酸塩鉱化は、約22 mg/Lの全無機窒素を超えると退化した。

結論:

窒素汚染は、カルストシステムにおける微生物の炭酸塩沈殿を著しく妨げる。
カルスト炭素シンク機能を維持するための重要な窒素閾値を特定した。
調査結果は、水資源管理と炭素収支評価に役立つ。

キーワード:

炭酸無水酵素カルスト川鉱化窒素閾値

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