新生児は,物体を指す点に選択的に注意を向けます
Alessandra Geraci1, Luca Surian2, Lucia Gabriella Tina3
1Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Developmental science
|February 11, 2026
まとめ
新生児は,手指のジェスチャーに対して敏感を示しますが,そのジェスチャーは社会的であり,ターゲットに向けられている場合に限ります. これは,発達初期にコミュニケーションの意図に対する天生的理解を示唆している.
科学分野:
- 発達心理学の心理学について
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- コグニティブ・サイエンス コグニティブ・サイエンス
背景:
- コミュニケーションスキルの発達には,コミュニケーション行為の認識が不可欠です.
- 新生児は,相互の視線や幼児向けの言語などの表面的なヒントに反応する.
- 新生児が,表面的なヒントとして指すジェスチャーに与える反応は,まだ研究されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 5日目の新生児が指すジェスチャーに敏感であるかどうかを調査する.
- 新生児が指を向けるのを表面的な暗示として捉えているかどうかを判断する.
- 新生児の社会的および参照的指向に対する反応の特異性を調べる.
主な方法:
- 新生児の注意を指す手と拳に比較するために,好ましい見た目のパラダイムが使用されました.
- 実験では,標的の存在,ポインタの社会的性質,そして動きの方向を操作しました.
- 5つの条件と90人の新生児を対象に4つの実験を実施しました.
主要な成果:
- 新生児は拳よりも,指を向ける人間の手を見ていたが,ターゲットオブジェクトが存在する場合に限った.
- 回答は,社会的 (人間の手) とコミュニケーション的 (参照) の指針に特異的でした.
- 非社会的または非参照的な指すジェスチャーの視覚的好みは観察されなかった.
結論:
- 新生児は,重要なコミュニケーションジェスチャーとして,指を指すことに敏感を示します.
- この感受性は,社会的および参照的である指摘に特異的です.
- 発見は,コミュニケーションの進化論的な理論と整合して,表面的な信号として指摘する経験独立の感受性をサポートしています.
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