小学時代にADHDの診断を受ける可能性は低い:相対的な年齢効果のゼロの繰り返し証拠
Eric Hengyu Hu1, Stephen V Faraone2, Paul L Morgan1
1University at Albany, SUNY, NY, USA.
Journal of attention disorders
|February 11, 2026
まとめ
この研究では,クラスの若さが米国の小学校で注意欠陥/多動性障害 (ADHD) の診断のリスクを増やすという証拠は見つかりませんでした. 発見は,相対的な年齢が,幼児期にわたるADHD診断の重要な要因ではないことを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 児童心理学 児童心理学について
- 発達神経科学とは
- 教育心理学の教育心理学について
背景:
- 以前の研究では,注意欠陥/多動性障害 (ADHD) の診断において相対的な年齢効果 (RAE) が示され,コホート内の若い子供たちが診断される可能性が高くなります.
- しかし,既存の研究では,日付の付いたデータを使用し,社会統計学的モデレーション分析が欠如し,縦断的な設計はめったに使用されません.
研究 の 目的:
- 比較的若い生徒として幼稚園に入学すると,小学校を通してADHDの診断を受ける可能性に影響があるかどうかを調査する.
- 人種,民族,性別,社会経済的な地位,母国語によるRAEの潜在的緩和を検証する.
主な方法:
- 11,410人の生徒を対象とした,全国的に代表的な幼児期長期研究-幼稚園コホート (ECLS-K: 2011) の分析.
- ロジスティック回帰モデルを使用して,相対年齢とADHD診断 (グレード別および累積) の関係を評価しました.
- ディスクレート時間イベント履歴のロギットモデルは,幼稚園から5年生までのADHD診断のタイミングを分析し,モデレーション分析のための相互作用用語を分析しました.
主要な成果:
- 全体として,この研究では,ADHDの診断において,累積的に,または特定のグレード内で,RAEを支持する証拠はほとんど見つかりませんでした.
- イベント履歴モデルは,相対的な年齢とADHD診断のタイミングとの間に有意な関連性を示さなかった.
- 孤立した相互作用は,黒人子供や,特定の年級で英語を話さない家庭の子供に対して,潜在的なRAEを示唆しているが,これは,複数の比較修正後に一貫性または統計学的に有意ではなかった.
結論:
- 古いデータセットを使用した以前の研究とは異なり,この研究では,米国の小学校内のADHD診断においてRAEが見つかりませんでした.
- 研究結果は,クラスメイトの間で比較的若いということは,米国の小学校に通っている小児のADHD診断のリスクを増加させないことを示しています.
キーワード:
ADHD ADHD ADHD ADHD ADHD ADHD ADHD ADHD ADHD ADHD ADHD ADHD ADHD ADHD ADHD ADHD ADHD ADHD診断 診断 診断 診断小学校 小学校は小学校です.縦断的に縦断的に相対的な年齢の影響は,相対的な年齢の影響です.さらに関連する動画
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