サハラ以南のアフリカにおける認知症または認知障害の高齢者のための身体活動介入: スコーピングレビュー
Michael C Ibekaku1, Nazanin Nasiri1, Chukwuebuka P Onyekere2
1Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Dementia (London, England)
|February 11, 2026
まとめ
身体活動介入は,サハラ以南のアフリカ (SSA) の認知症のケアに希望を示しています. 研究が限られているにもかかわらず,これらのプログラムは認知機能と参加を改善しますが,より大きな影響のために文化的適応が必要です.
科学分野:
- 公共衛生は公衆衛生である.
- ゲロントロジーはゲロントロジーの学科です.
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
背景:
- サハラ以南のアフリカ (SSA) では,人口高齢化と平均寿命の伸びにより,認知症の罹患率が上昇しています.
- 身体活動は認知症患者の健康状態を改善するための非薬理学的介入として認められています.
- SSAにおける認知症の高齢者のための身体活動介入の活用は,十分に文書化されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- SSAにおける認知症または認知障害の高齢者のための身体活動介入のマッピングと記述に関するスコーピングレビューを実施する.
- これらの介入の国際的身体活動勧告との調和を評価する.
- 結果,診断ツール,文化的調整の検討を特定する.
主な方法:
- 7つの電子データベース (PubMed,Scopus,Embase,CINAHL,PsycINFO,SPORTDiscus,African Journal Online) と灰色の文献を体系的に検索した.
- 3つの介入研究が含まれています.
- FITT-VPフレームワークを用いた分析,国際勧告との比較,結果の説明,診断,文化的適応.
主要な成果:
- 限られた数の研究が特定され,最新の研究は2021年に発表されたもので,研究が停滞していることを示しています.
- 介入は,一般的に国際的な身体活動ガイドラインと整合しており,認知機能,機能能力,社会参加の改善を報告しています.
- 文化に合わせた診断ツール,結果測定,介入設計の利用は限られていた.
結論:
- 身体活動は,SSAにおける認知症のケアギャップの増大に対処するための有望な戦略です.
- 将来の研究は,地域社会と共同で開発された共同設計された,文化的に適応した身体活動介入を優先すべきである.
- 資金不足の研究,診断上の困難,アフリカ研究のインデックス化不良などの課題に取り組むことは極めて重要です.
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