牛の飼料におけるタンニン抽出物の配合による栄養利用とメタン排出量に対する用量反応パターンの評価
Jordan M Adams1, Luiz F Dias Batista1, Clarice M Francis1
1Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-2471, USA.
Journal of animal science
|February 11, 2026
まとめ
成長牛へのタンニン抽出物(TE)の添加は、メタン(CH4)排出量を削減できる。栄養利用やエネルギー効率に悪影響を与えることなく、0.20~0.22%の乾燥物質(DM)で最適なCH4削減が達成された。
科学分野:
- 動物科学; 反芻動物栄養学; 環境科学
背景:
- 牛からのメタン(CH4)排出は温室効果ガスの一因となる。タンニン抽出物(TE)は、牛におけるメタン(CH4)の削減に効果を示す可能性がある。混合TEの最適な添加率は十分に定義されていない。
研究 の 目的:
- 成長牛における栄養利用とガス排出に対する混合タンニン抽出物(TE)の影響を評価する。メタン(CH4)生成を最小限に抑えるためのTEの最適な飼料添加率を決定する。TEがエネルギー分配と窒素代謝に与える影響を評価する。
主な方法:
- 成長牛に、乾燥物質(DM)の0.0、0.3、0.6、または0.9%のTEを添加した飼料を与えた。間接熱量測定を用いて、全身のガス交換と栄養素の消化率を測定した。代謝効果を評価するために、ルーメンおよび血液パラメータを分析した。
主要な成果:
- TEの添加は栄養摂取量に影響を与えなかったが、酸性デターテント繊維(ADF)の消化率と糞中窒素(N)排泄量には二次関数的な影響を与えた。メタン(CH4)生成は二次関数的な用量反応を示し、0.20~0.22% DMの添加率で最適な削減が達成された。呼吸交換比はTEとともに直線性を示して増加したが、全体的なエネルギー分配には影響がなかった。
結論:
- 混合タンニン抽出物は、成長牛のメタン排出量を効果的に削減できる。TEの最適な飼料添加率である0.20~0.22% DMは、メタン(CH4)生成を最小限に抑える。TEの添加は、栄養利用を損なうことなく、持続可能な牛生産のための有望な戦略を提供する。
関連する概念動画
Dose-Response Relationship: Overview
5.2K
Agonists can bind with and activate receptors, resulting in the formation of drug-receptor complexes. Once formed, these complexes catalyze many biochemical processes at the cellular level and subsequently induce a pharmacologic response. The degree of response is directly proportional to the fraction of activated receptors, which in turn, depends on the concentration of the drug at the receptor site as well as the sensitivity of the receptor. An increase in the administered dose contributes to...
5.2K
Dose-Response Relationship: Potency and Efficacy
6.6K
The potency of a drug is the measure of its ability to produce a biological response and can be compared by looking at the half-maximum effective concentration or EC50 values of different drugs. A lower EC50 value indicates higher potency of the drug. In the dose–response curve of two antihypertensive drugs, candesartan and irbesartan, a significant difference is observed in their EC50 values. A lower EC50 value for candesartan indicates that it is more potent than irbesartan, as it...
6.6K
Dose-Response Relationship: Selectivity and Specificity
9.9K
Drugs exert their therapeutic effects by interacting with receptors, enzymes, or ion channels that are present throughout the human body. The strength and duration of the interaction between a drug and its target receptor are characterized by the selectivity and specificity of the drug. Selectivity refers to a drug's strong preference for its intended target over other targets. For instance, isoprenaline, a non-selective β-adrenergic agonist, interacts with both β1- and...
9.9K
Dose Response Curve: Conventional Versus Nonmonotonic
1
The correlation between a drug's dosage and its impact on a biological system is a cornerstone of pharmacology and toxicology. Conventional dose–response curves, which include graded and quantal relationships, are key to this understanding. Graded dose–response curves depict the spectrum of a biological reaction to different doses within an individual, indicating that as the drug dosage increases, so does the intensity of the response. On the other hand, quantal dose–response...
1
Emission Spectra
76.6K
When solids, liquids, or condensed gases are heated sufficiently, they radiate some of the excess energy as light. Photons produced in this manner have a range of energies, and thereby produce a continuous spectrum in which an unbroken series of wavelengths is present.
76.6K
Absorption of Nutrients
5.7K
Absorption refers to taking dietary nutrients from the intestinal lumen for transportation throughout the body. After digestion in the small intestine, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are broken down into simpler forms. These essential macronutrients and other vital substances, such as vitamins, minerals, and water, are then prepared for absorption into the bloodstream.
Enterocytes, which are specialized polar epithelial cells, line the mucosa of the small intestinal walls. These cells...
Enterocytes, which are specialized polar epithelial cells, line the mucosa of the small intestinal walls. These cells...
5.7K


