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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Leaf Area Index Estimation Using Three Distinct Methods in Pure Deciduous Stands

Leaf Area Index Estimation Using Three Distinct Methods in Pure Deciduous Stands

Published on: August 29, 2019

前後方向の立位姿勢を表現するための新しいゴニオメーター法

Souta Ohtsubo¹, Hitoshi Asai², Masafumi Kubota²

¹Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Course of Rehabilitation Science, School of Health Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80, Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.

Medical engineering & physics

|February 11, 2026

Abstract:

This study evaluated the consistency of the "goniometer method" for expressing Standing Positions in the Anteroposterior direction (SPAP) using perceived Body Tilt Angle. We defined the "Expressed Body Tilt Angle" (perceived posture self-expressed using a goniometer) and the "Actual Body Tilt Angle" (calculated from images). Regression analysis evaluated relationships between SPAP and the Expressed Body Tilt Angle, SPAP and the Actual Body Tilt Angle, and between the two angles. Coefficients of determination (R²) were calculated for pooled data and as median values for individuals. All relationships showed significant linear correlations, with median individual R² values exceeding pooled R² values. Analysis of covariance comparing subjects with the largest and smallest regression slopes revealed significant inter-individual differences. Pearson's correlation and paired t-tests Calculated Vertical Position and Quiet Standing Position showed a significant correlation but no significant difference. No significant relationship was found between SPAP and the error between measured and Actual Body Tilt Angles. In summary, the goniometer method demonstrated a stable linear relationship between Body Tilt Angle and SPAP, although individual variability exists. This relationship remains consistent across SPAP conditions. .

キーワード:

表現された体の傾き角度ゴニオメーター体の傾き角度の知覚静的立位姿勢前後方向の立位姿勢垂直位置

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