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自閉症は発達性亜鉛欠乏症か?
Ann Katrin Sauer1, Janelle E Stanton2, Andreas M Grabrucker1
1Dept. of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|February 11, 2026
まとめ
出生前の亜鉛欠乏症は、自閉スペクトラム症(ASD)の発症において重要な要因であり、脳の発達と金属恒常性を阻Disrupted. 亜鉛を理解する
科学分野:
- 神経発達障害
- 栄養神経科学
- 自閉スペクトラム症(ASD)の病因
背景:
- 自閉スペクトラム症(ASD)は、遺伝的および出生前の環境要因を含む多因子的な原因を持つ複雑な神経発達障害である。
- 出生前の感染症、薬物、毒素、栄養失調などの出生前の要因は、胎児の脳の発達を妨げ、ASDに寄与する可能性がある。
- 既存の動物および細胞モデルは、ASDの複雑さを完全には捉えきれないことが多く、その根本的な生物学的メカニズムの再評価が必要とされている。
研究 の 目的:
- 亜鉛の役割と自閉スペクトラム症との関連性に関する現在の科学的証拠をレビューし、統合すること。
- ASDの個人で頻繁に障害される生物学的プロセスにおける亜鉛の重要な機能を調べること。
- 亜鉛恒常性の破綻がASDの病因における中心的な問題であると提案すること。
主な方法:
- 本研究は、二次データの包括的な合成に基づいたナラティブレビューである。
- 出生前の危険因子、金属恒常性、およびASDにおける亜鉛の関与に関する既存の文献を批判的に分析する。
- 本レビューは、亜鉛欠乏症とASD関連の病理を調査した様々な研究からの知見を統合する。
主要な成果:
- 出生前の亜鉛欠乏症はASDの重要な危険因子として特定されており、実験モデルにおいて関連する病理を誘発する。
- 異常な亜鉛シグナル伝達と金属恒常性の破綻は、ASDにおける根本的な問題として提案されている。
- 亜鉛は、ASDの個人で一般的に影響を受ける生物学的機能において重要な役割を果たしている。
結論:
- 出生前の亜鉛欠乏症は、ASDに共通する根本的な生物学的プロセスの破綻を明らかにする可能性があり、他の危険因子によって模倣される可能性がある。
- 証拠は、亜鉛恒常性とASDの発症との間に重要な関連性があることを強く示唆している。
- ASDの病因を理解し、標的を絞った介入を開発するためには、亜鉛の役割に関するさらなる研究が不可欠である。
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