豚の複雑形質の予測における、ゲノムおよびトランスクリプトーム効果の統合的線形および非線形構造モデルへの組み込み
I-T Vourlaki1, M Piles1, T Jové-Juncà1
1IRTA, Animal Breeding and Genetics Program, Torre Marimón, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Spain.
Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience
|February 11, 2026
まとめ
血液トランスクリプトームデータは、豚の免疫形質予測を大幅に改善する。特徴選択は精度を向上させ、主要遺伝子を特定し、関連形質においてはゲノムデータを凌駕する。
科学分野:
- 動物ゲノミクスと育種;トランスクリプトミクスと遺伝子発現解析;量的遺伝学と形質予測
背景:
- 家畜の表現型は、遺伝的変異と調節メカニズムとの複雑な相互作用の結果である。複雑な形質の予測は、効率的な動物育種にとって重要であるが、依然として困難である。トランスクリプトームデータは、遺伝子型と表現型を橋渡しする調節シグナルに関する洞察を提供する。
研究 の 目的:
- デュロック種豚の6つの免疫、ストレス、生産形質に対する血液トランスクリプトームデータの予測値を評価すること。トランスクリプトームデータ単独とゲノム情報との組み合わせの性能を比較すること。形質予測のための異なる統計モデルと特徴選択方法を評価すること。
主な方法:
- 255頭のデュロック種豚から血液トランスクリプトームおよびゲノム(SNP)データを利用した。ベイズ回帰(BayesC、RKHS)およびニューラルネットワーク線形混合モデルを使用した。トランスクリプトーム特徴選択のために部分最小二乗法(PLS)を適用した。
主要な成果:
- トランスクリプトームデータ(r=0.74、r=0.67)を使用して、免疫関連形質(例:ガンマデルタT細胞、白血球数)の高い予測精度を達成した。コルチゾール予測(r=0.39)では中程度の改善が見られた。SNPベースモデルは、枝肉重量(r=0.45)で優れていた。PLS特徴選択は、主要遺伝子(MAF、SOX13、DDIT4、FOS)を特定し、予測効率を向上させた。
結論:
- 血液トランスクリプトームは、サンプリングされた組織に関連する形質の予測を大幅に強化する。SNPベースモデルは、血液との生物学的関連性が低い形質に対して優れている。特徴選択は、予測性能、計算効率、および遺伝子発見を最適化するために不可欠である。
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