深海のフェロマンガネスの地殻の表面上の微生物のような構造におけるCeと有機物の共同濃縮
Ayaka Tokumaru1, Mariko Kouduka1, Hiroki Suga1,2
1Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
まとめ
深海のフェロマンガネス殻の鉄・マンガネス酸化物を含んだ微生物のような構造は,セリウムで濃縮されていることを示している. この発見は,酸素化された海洋におけるセリウム蓄積のための新しい微生物のプロセスを示唆しており,これは初期の地球と火星に関連しています.
科学分野:
- 地質化学 地質化学
- マリンサイエンス マリンサイエンス・サイエンス
- 天体生物学 アストロバイオロジー
背景:
- セリウム (Ce) は,歴史的に海洋の酸化還元状態を理解するために重要である.
- 深海のフェロマンガネス殻は,酸素化された海洋における重要なCe沈殿体である.
- マンガン酸化物の無機酸化は,伝統的にCeの濃縮を説明している.
研究 の 目的:
- 深海のセリウム蓄積における潜在的な微生物の役割を調査する.
- フェロマンガネスの殻で発見された微生物のような構造を特徴付けます.
- これらの構造におけるセリウム濃縮のメカニズムを決定する.
主な方法:
- 顕微鏡とナノスケールの固体分析.
- 微生物のようなFe-Mn酸化物構造の特徴.
- 有機物質の組成とセリウム種の分析.
主要な成果:
- 地殻表面でFe-Mn酸化物で鉱化された微生物のような構造を発見した.
- これらの構造はセリウムと有機物質で濃縮されています.
- 有機物質は芳香性/炭酸性グループを示し,セリウム (III) は表面穴に存在し,局所的減少を示している.
結論:
- 深海のフェロマンガネス殻にセリウム蓄積のための新しい微生物プロセスが提案されています.
- このプロセスには,微生物のような構造と局所的なCe (III) 安定性が含まれています.
- この発見は,古代の地球と火星のフェロマンガン酸化物と惑星保護の理解に意味を持つ.
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