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The Evidence for Evolution02:55

The Evidence for Evolution

48.4K
Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
48.4K
Convergent Evolution01:54

Convergent Evolution

33.1K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
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Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

4.6K
An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
4.6K
Eukaryotic Evolution01:24

Eukaryotic Evolution

42.4K
The endosymbiont theory is the most widely accepted theory of eukaryotic evolution; however, its progression is still somewhat debated. According to the nucleus-first hypothesis, the ancestral prokaryote first evolved a membrane to enclose DNA and form the nucleus. Conversely, the mitochondria-first hypothesis suggests that the nucleus was formed after endosymbiosis of mitochondria.
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
42.4K
Synteny and Evolution02:31

Synteny and Evolution

3.8K
John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
3.8K
Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

16.2K
Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
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Mutagenesis and Functional Selection Protocols for Directed Evolution of Proteins in E. coli
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明確なスペクトルと方向性 タラモコルチカルネットワークのダイナミクス 焦点発作の進化を定義する

Saarang Panchavati, Atsuro Daida, Sotaro Kanai

    medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
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    まとめ
    この要約は機械生成です。

    この研究は,焦点性の発作中にタラモコルチカルネットワークのダイナミクスがどのように変化するかを明らかにしています. タラミックEEGの特徴は,発作状態を予測し,よりよい発作制御のための適応神経調節を導くことができます.

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    In Vitro Directed Evolution of a Restriction Endonuclease with More Stringent Specificity

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    関連する実験動画

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    科学分野:

    • 神経科学は神経科学である.
    • エピレプシの研究研究
    • 神経調節は神経調節によるものです.

    背景:

    • タラミック核を標的にする神経調節は,薬剤耐性焦点性の治療法として増加しています.
    • 発作中のタラモコルチカル相互作用に関する限られたヒト内頭蓋内EEG研究が存在する.

    研究 の 目的:

    • 発作発作から発作終了までの周波数固有のタラモコルチカルネットワークのダイナミクスを定義する.
    • タラモコルチカルネットワークとコルチココルチカルネットワークの活性化を比較する.
    • タラミックEEGの特徴が,適応性神経調節のための発作状態を分類できるかどうかを評価する.

    主な方法:

    • 19人のエピレプシー患者のステレオEEG記録を遡及的に分析し,タラミックと皮質のサンプルを採取した.
    • スロー,ベータ,ガンマ帯のスペクトルパワー,イマジナリーコヒーレンス,グレンジャー因果関係に関する計算.
    • ランダムな森林分類者を訓練し,タラミック特性を用いてイクタル状態と非イクタル状態を区別する.

    主要な成果:

    • 発作の発症時に (81.2%) タラミック関わりが観察され,発作終了時に増加しました.
    • ゆっくりとベータ帯のタラモコルチカル接続性は,発作中に増加しました.
    • 発作状態の分類は,thalamicスペクトルパワーと接続機能を使用して,高い精度 (AUC ~ 0.83) を達成しました.

    結論:

    • 発作中の調整された,周波数および方向に特異的なタラモコルチカルネットワークの動態が定義されました.
    • ゆっくりとベータ帯のタラモ皮質の相互作用は,適応的,閉環神経調節の重要な標的である.
    • 発見は,タラミック神経調節を通じて発作の結果を最適化するためのメカニズム的基礎を提供します.