前立腺がんにおける予測栄養指数と生存率: 更新された体系的レビューとメタ解析
Gang Wang1, Qihang Wu1, Telei Chen1
1Department of Urology, Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Frontiers in nutrition
|February 12, 2026
まとめ
低予後栄養指数 (PNI) は,前立腺がん患者における全生存期 (OS) と無進行生存期 (PFS) の短縮と関連しています. このシステマティック・レビューは,OSの適度な質の証拠とPFSの低品質の証拠を提供し,PNIを強調しています.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- クリニカル・ニュートリション
- バイオ統計学 バイオ統計学
背景:
- 予後栄養指数 (PNI) は,がんの予後のための潜在的なバイオマーカーです.
- PNIと前立腺がんのアウトカムを結びつける証拠は,体系的な評価と品質評価を必要とする.
- 推薦,評価,開発,評価の格付け (GRADE) フレームワークは,証拠の確実性を評価するための透明な方法を提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- 前立腺がん患者における予後栄養指数 (PNI) の予測価値を体系的に評価する.
- GRADEフレームワークを使用して,PNIと前立腺がんの予後との関連に関する証拠の質を評価する.
主な方法:
- 2025年6月までのPubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochraneのデータベースの体系的な文献検索を行いました.
- PNIと全生存期 (OS) と無進行生存期 (PFS) の関連性を評価した11件の研究 (857件が特定された) のメタ分析.
- ニューカッスル・オタワスケールで評価された研究の質;GRADEフレームワークを使用して格付けされた証拠の確実性.
主要な成果:
- 低いPNIは,より短いOS (HR: 2.03; 95%CI: 1.68-2.46) とPFS (HR: 2.03; 95%CI: 1.65-2.50) と有意に関連していました.
- 出版バイアスはPFS (P=0.014) について検出されたが,OS (P=0.051) については検出されなかった.
- 感度分析により,結果の安定性が確認され,OSのエビデンスは中等品質,PFSは低品質と評価された.
結論:
- 低PNIは,前立腺がん患者の短いOSとPFSの有意な予測因子です.
- PNIと前立腺がんの予後との関連に関する証拠は,中等から低い確信度である.
- これらの発見とその臨床的影響を確認するために,さらなる見通し研究が必要である.
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