口腔外科の入院患者の栄養リスク:栄養リスクスクリーニング-2002を用いた遡及的分析からの洞察
Hiroshi Kusunoki1,2, Noriko Yasuda1, Kaname Tsuji1,3
1Nutrition Support Team, Osaka Dental University Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
JMA journal
|February 12, 2026
まとめ
2002年の栄養学上のリスクスクリーニング (NRS-2002) では,一般的な流行率が低いにもかかわらず,高齢で高リスクの口腔外科患者が特定されました. NRS-2002による早期スクリーニングは,脆弱な入院成人のケアを最適化することができます.
科学分野:
- 口腔および面外科手術
- クリニカル・ニュートリション
- ゲリアトリック・メディシン (老年医学)
背景:
- 栄養不良は,入院患者,特に高齢者の間で一般的であり,結果に影響を及ぼしています.
- 早期の栄養介入は,患者の回復を改善するために非常に重要です.
- 口腔および面外科手術における栄養リスクスクリーニング2002 (NRS-2002) の有用性は十分に確立されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 口腔および面外科 (OMFS) に入院した患者におけるNRS-2002の臨床的有用性を評価する.
- 栄養上のリスクと年齢,BMI,診断,入院期間などの臨床的要因との関係を調べる.
主な方法:
- 548人の入院したOMFS患者を対象とした遡及的観察研究.
- 入院時に,NRS-2002を用いて栄養学的スクリーニングを行った (スコア≥3はリスクを示す).
- リスクのある患者は,栄養不良に関するグローバル・リーダーシップ・イニシアチブの基準を用いてさらに評価された.
主要な成果:
- 総合的な栄養上のリスクの流行率 (NRS-2002 ≥3) は1.6%であり,信頼性の高い分析には不十分であった.
- 高リスク患者は,主にBMIが低い高齢女性であり,重症 (例えば,薬剤による骨縮,骨髄炎) であり,入院期間が長かった.
- これらの患者は,経口栄養サプリメントを必要とする可能性が高くなりました.
結論:
- NRS-2002は,重症で長期の入院を伴う高齢で体重が低いOMFS患者を効果的に特定しました.
- 全体的に低い罹患率にもかかわらず,NRS-2002による早期の栄養学的なスクリーニングは,リスクのある個人の手術後の管理を最適化するのに役立ちます.
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