医療従事者に対して,禁煙に関するトレーニングを実施します
Kelsey J Sharrad1, Kristin V Carson-Chahhoud1, Marjolein Ea Verbiest2
1Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
|February 12, 2026
まとめ
禁煙のための医療従事者の訓練は,患者の禁煙率を大幅に増加させます. この更新されたレビューは,禁煙スキルを専門家に提供することが公衆衛生のための効果的な戦略であり,より多くの患者が喫煙をやめることを奨励することを確認しています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- クリニカル・メディシン 臨床医学
- 行動科学は,行動科学である.
背景:
- 喫煙は,世界の予防可能な死亡率の主要な原因であり続けています.
- 医療従事者の短い介入は,禁煙の試みを促すことができます.
- 訓練プログラムの有効性を定期的に再評価することは,政策と臨床ガイドラインの決定的に重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 禁煙対策の実施における医療従事者の訓練の効果を評価する.
- 訓練の特徴 (内容,設定,配信,強度) が患者の結果にどのように影響するか分析する.
主な方法:
- 2024年8月までのランダム化対照試験 (RCT) の体系的レビューとメタ解析.
- 含まれている研究では,介入後≥6ヶ月で患者の禁煙が報告されました.
- Cochrane RoB 1 ツールを使用してバイアスのリスクを評価し,GRADE フレームワークで証拠の確実性.
主要な成果:
- 高い確実性のある証拠は,トレーニングが患者の禁煙を増加させることを示しています (RR 1.34).
- 高強度なトレーニングはよりよい結果をもたらすかもしれないが,証拠の確率は低い.
- ニコチン置換療法やプロンプトなどの補助薬は潜在的可能性を示しているが,さらなる研究が必要である.
結論:
- 医療従事者の訓練は,患者の禁煙率を増やすための高確実性の効果的な方法です.
- 将来の研究は,トレーニングと新しい禁煙補助器具を組み合わせた多要素の介入を探求すべきである.
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