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ALS治療の40年:流行病学,臨床経過,管理の変化に関する遡及的研究
Mats Bjørnstadjordet1,2, Helene Ballo Kvernmo1,2, Geir Bråthen1,2
1Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration
|February 12, 2026
まとめ
ノルウェーのトロンデラグでは,アミオトロフィック横筋硬化症 (ALS) の発生率が上昇しています. リルゾールや換気装置などの補助治療の使用が増加したにも関わらず,患者の生存率は38年以上にわたって変わっていない.
科学分野:
- 神経学 神経学とは
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- アミオトロフィック横行性硬化症 (ALS) の管理は,近年,いくつかの介入が行われてきました.
- 集団レベルの研究は,これらのALS介入の影響を理解するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- ノルウェー・トレンデラグ郡のALSの流行病学,病態,および臨床管理について記述する.
- ALSの発生率,診断,生存,治療の傾向を38年間の期間で分析する.
主な方法:
- ノルウェーのトロンデラグ郡で1986年から2024年の間に診断されたすべてのALS症例の遡及的グラフレビュー.
- 標準化された電子ケースレポートフォームを使用してデータ抽出.
- 患者を4つの診断時間グループに分類する.
主要な成果:
- 合計429人のALS患者が対象となり,症状の発症時の平均年齢は68歳でした.
- 年齢標準化されたALSの発生率は,時間の経過とともに有意に増加した (p = 0.002).
- 診断遅延の平均は13ヶ月で,平均生存期間は28ヶ月でした. リルゾール,皮経内視鏡性胃口術,非侵襲的換気 (NIV) の使用が増加しました.
結論:
- この研究では,トロンデラグのALSの発生率が上昇していることが明らかになりました.
- ALSに対するサポート介入の採用は,時間とともに増加しています.
- 介入にもかかわらず,ALS患者の生存期間の中央値は安定しています.
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