作業メモリに暗号化せずに情報を処理することはできますか?

Chenyu Li¹, Gidon T Frischkorn¹, Klaus Oberauer¹

¹Department of Psychology, Cognitive Psychology Unit, University of Zurich.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition

|February 12, 2026

まとめ

処理を必要とする情報は,エンコーディング中に作業メモリからフィルタリングすることはできません. 事前に無関係であると特定された場合でも,そのような情報は,後に特定された場合と同様に保持されます.

科学分野:

認知心理学とは,認知心理学である.
神経科学は神経科学である.
情報処理情報の処理

背景:

フィルタリングは,無関係なデータを除外する作業記憶のための重要な認知メカニズムです.
以前の研究は,簡単な処理を必要とする情報ではなく,タスクに関係のない注意をそらすものをフィルタリングすることに焦点を当てていました.

研究の目的:

長期のメンテナンスではなく,処理を必要とする情報が,ワーキングメモリエンコーディング中にフィルタリングできるかどうかを調査する.
作業メモリ内のフィルタリングメカニズムの限界を決定する.

主な方法:

新しい複雑なスパンタスクは,プレキュー (フィルタリングは可能),レトロキュー (フィルタリングは防止),コントロール (注意をそらさない) の3つの条件で設計されました.
メモリパフォーマンスは,さまざまな条件で比較されました.
メモリ測定モデル (Oberauer & Lewandowsky, 2019) を用いて,ディストラクターの記憶力を推定した.

主要な成果:

覚醒前状態における記憶のパフォーマンスは,レトロキュー状態と同様のものであったが,対照群よりも悪かった.
処理を必要とするディストラクター情報は,シューのタイミング (pre- vs. retro-cue) にかかわらず,作業メモリで同様の保持を示しました.

結論:

処理を必要とする情報は,コーディング段階で選択的に作業メモリからフィルタリングすることはできません.
作業記憶のフィルタリングは,長期にわたって維持されなくても,処理しなければならない情報に対して効果が低い.

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