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関連する概念動画

Cofactors and Coenzymes01:27

Cofactors and Coenzymes

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Enzymes require additional components for proper function. There are two such classes of molecules: cofactors and coenzymes. Cofactors are metallic ions and coenzymes are non-protein organic molecules. Both of these types of helper molecule can be tightly bound to the enzyme or bound only when the substrate binds.
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Cofactors and Coenzymes01:24

Cofactors and Coenzymes

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Enzymes are proteins made of amino acids. The functional group of each constituent amino acid catalyzes a wide variety of chemical reactions via ionic interactions or acid-base reactions. However, amino acids cannot catalyze oxidation-reduction and group transfer reactions and need to be aided by non-protein components called cofactors. Cofactors are also referred to as the chemical teeth of an enzyme.
Cofactors can be metallic ions or organic molecules called coenzymes. These types of helper...
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CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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Bacterial Transformation

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In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
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Bacterial Signaling01:30

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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
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Sequence-specific Labeling of Nucleic Acids and Proteins with Methyltransferases and Cofactor Analogues
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CRISPRの活性化のためのバクテリアの共因子

Zhipeng Wang1, Yujue Wang1, Quanjiang Ji1,2,3

  • 1School of Physical Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.

Biochemistry
|February 12, 2026
PubMed
まとめ

細菌のチオレドキシン (TrxA) は,Cas12p酵素のDNA分裂活動を強化する. この相互作用は,再酸化反応に敏感な結合領域によって媒介され,CRISPR-Casシステムが補助因子によって調節されていることを明らかにします.

さらに関連する動画

EPR Monitored Redox Titration of the Cofactors of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nar1
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A Protein Preparation Method for the High-throughput Identification of Proteins Interacting with a Nuclear Cofactor Using LC-MS/MS Analysis
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A Protein Preparation Method for the High-throughput Identification of Proteins Interacting with a Nuclear Cofactor Using LC-MS/MS Analysis

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Sequence-specific Labeling of Nucleic Acids and Proteins with Methyltransferases and Cofactor Analogues
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A Protein Preparation Method for the High-throughput Identification of Proteins Interacting with a Nuclear Cofactor Using LC-MS/MS Analysis
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科学分野:

  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • 微生物学 微生物学とは
  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー

背景:

  • CRISPR-Casシステムは,外来遺伝子要素に対するプロカリオットの適応免疫を提供します.
  • アンチCRISPRタンパク質はよく研究されているが,Casエフェクター活性を増強する宿主因子はあまり理解されていない.
  • Cas12pはコンパクト型V核酵素であり,CRISPR-Cas免疫に影響を及ぼすファグ関連酵素である.

研究 の 目的:

  • Cas12p核酵素の活性を調節する宿主因子を調査する.
  • 細菌のチオレドキシン (TrxA) がCas12pの機能に影響を与えるメカニズムを解明する.

主な方法:

  • Cas12p DNAの分裂活性を測定するための生化学的測定法.
  • Cas12pへのTrxA結合を分析するタンパク質-タンパク質相互作用の研究.
  • Cas12p-TrxA複合体の構造分析について.

主要な成果:

  • 細菌のチオレドキシン (TrxA) は,Cas12pによる効率的なDNA分裂の重要な要因として特定されました.
  • TrxAは,Cas12pの特定のチオレドキシン結合ドメイン (TB) に結合する.
  • TrxAとCas12pの相互作用は,リドックス反応に敏感であり,DNA分裂のための活性構成を促進します.

結論:

  • TrxAのような宿主タンパク質は,Cas12pなどのCRISPR-Casエフェクタのアクティベーターとして作用することができます.
  • CRISPR-Cas免疫は,エフェクター活動を微調整する補助因子によって影響を受けるダイナミックなネットワークです.
  • この発見は,既知のCRISPR-Cas調節器のレパートリーを拡大し,微生物の防御システムの複雑さを強調しています.