食糧不安とHIV感染者のCOVID-19関連の経験: 混合的方法分析と概念的枠組み
Dini Harsono1,2, Kelsey Sklar3, Michael Silver4
1Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
PloS one
|February 12, 2026
まとめ
食糧不安は,COVID-19のパンデミック中にHIV感染者 (PWH) の30.7%に影響しました. 失業とパンデミックに関連した日常的な変化は,食糧不安と関連しており,HIVケアにおける統合支援の必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 健康の社会的決定因子
背景:
- 食糧不安は,COVID-19のパンデミックによって悪化した健康格差の重要な要因です.
- パンデミックは,低所得世帯と人種・民族的マイノリティに不釣り合いな影響を及ぼし,食糧不安を増加させた.
- HIV感染者 (PWH) に対する食糧不安の影響を理解することは,健康上の不平等に対処するために極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 社会人口学的要因,HIVケアへの関与,早期のCOVID-19パンデミック中にPWHにおける食糧不安体験の関係を探求する.
- PWHの食糧不安に寄与する個人,コミュニティ,および構造的要因を特定する.
- PWHにおける食糧不安とCOVID-19の相互作用を詳細に記述する社会生態学的枠組みを開発する.
主な方法:
- PWHとの1回の電話調査 (n=283) と臨床スタッフとのフォーカスグループ (n=23) を組み合わせた混合方法のアプローチ.
- 調査データは,社会人口学的要因,パンデミック関連の変化,食糧不安との関連を分析した.
- フリーテキスト回答とフォーカスグループからの定性データは,食糧不安の原因となる要因を特定するために分析されました.
主要な成果:
- パンデミック初期に,調査対象のPWHの30.7%が食糧不安を報告した.
- 食糧不安に関連する要因には,ニューヨーク州ブルックリンでケアを受けること,パンデミック前失業,日常生活における大きな変化などが含まれています.
- 定性的な調査結果は,食糧安全保障に多面的な個人,人内,コミュニティ,構造的要因が寄与していることを明らかにした.
結論:
- 最初のCOVID-19波の間,特定の社会人口統計学およびパンデミックに関連する要因に関連して,PWHの間で食糧不安が一般的でした.
- 社会生態学的枠組みは,この集団における食糧安全保障に影響を与える複雑な相互作用を説明できる.
- 食糧不安のスクリーニングと資源ナビゲーションをHIVケア施設に統合することは,健康成果の改善に不可欠です.
関連する概念動画
Bioavailability Enhancement: Determination and Conceptual Approaches in Overcoming Bioavailability Problems
215
Body:Bioavailability is a critical pharmacological concept that measures the extent and rate at which an active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety enters the systemic circulation, remaining unchanged. It's a pivotal factor in determining a drug's efficacy and safety.The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) plays an essential role in drug development by categorizing drugs into four classes based on their solubility and permeability. This classification aids in understanding drug...
215
Mixing Concrete
400
Concrete mixing ensures a homogenous blend where aggregates are well-coated with cement paste. Concrete mixing is typically done using two main types of mixers: batch and continuous. Batch mixers handle one batch at a time, thoroughly combining materials before discharging and receiving the next batch. In contrast, continuous mixers receive a steady flow of ingredients, mixing them consistently and discharging without interruption. Within batch mixers, tilting drum mixers mix with internal...
400
Mixing Time
488
The concept of mixing time is significant in producing a uniform concrete mix with the required strength. The mixing period starts once all components are in the mixer. Initially, the mixer is charged with 10% of the water, followed by the consistent addition of solids and then 80% of the water. The remaining water is added later, within the first quarter of the mixing period. The minimum mixing time varies according to the mixer's capacity; for example, mixers with up to 1 cubic yard...
488
What is an Experiment?
19.1K
An experiment is a planned activity carried out under controlled conditions. The purpose of an experiment is to investigate the relationship between two variables. When one variable causes change in another, we call the first variable the explanatory or independent variable. The affected variable is called the response or dependent variable. In a randomized experiment, the researcher manipulates values of the explanatory variable and measures the resulting changes in the response variable. The...
19.1K
Regulation of Food Intake
2.9K
Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
2.9K
Other Nuclides: 31P, 19F, 15N NMR
804
Many organic, inorganic, and biological molecules contain spin-half nuclei such as nitrogen-15, fluorine-19, and phosphorus-31. As a result, NMR studies of these nuclei have found extensive applications in chemical and biological research.
While fluorine-19 and phosphorous-31 have high natural abundances (100%) and positive gyromagnetic ratios, nitrogen-15 has a low natural abundance and a negative gyromagnetic ratio. However, nitrogen-15 is still preferred over nitrogen-14 (which has a...
While fluorine-19 and phosphorous-31 have high natural abundances (100%) and positive gyromagnetic ratios, nitrogen-15 has a low natural abundance and a negative gyromagnetic ratio. However, nitrogen-15 is still preferred over nitrogen-14 (which has a...
804


