大人の肥満と重篤な感染症のリスク:グローバル負担の推定値を含むマルチコホート研究
Solja T Nyberg1, Philipp Frank2, Sara Ahmadi-Abhari3
1Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
Lancet (London, England)
|February 12, 2026
まとめ
大人の肥満は,重度の感染症,入院,死亡のリスクを大幅に高めます. この予防可能なリスク要因は,世界中で約10人に1人の感染症関連死亡に関連しています.
科学分野:
- 感染症 流行病学 流行病学
- 公衆衛生の危険因子 公衆衛生の危険因子
- 肥満に関する研究
背景:
- 成人の肥満に関連した感染症の全スペクトルに関する証拠は限られている.
- 肥満は,潜在的に広範な健康上の影響を及ぼす流行し,予防可能な危険因子です.
- 感染症に対する肥満の影響を理解することは,公衆衛生戦略にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 成人の肥満と様々な感染症の発生率,入院,死亡率との関連を調査する.
- 感染症のアウトカムに対する肥満のグローバルおよび地域的影響を推定する.
- 肥満に起因する感染症の傾向を,COVID-19のパンデミック前,中,そしてその後を分析する.
主な方法:
- フィンランドのコホートと英国のバイオバンクから集約されたデータを利用したマルチコホート研究.
- ボディ・マス・インデックス (BMI) に基づいて参加者の分類:健康的な体重,過体重,肥満のクラスI-III.
- 感染性疾患の入院および死亡に関する国家レジストリによるフォローアップ,影響モデリング.
主要な成果:
- クラス3の肥満を有する個人は,健康な体重の個人に比べて,感染症関連の入院や死亡のリスクが3倍高かった.
- 重度の感染症 (致死性または非致死性) に対して,肥満 (クラスI-III) を有する個体において,1.7の総合リスク比が観察されました.
- 感染症による死亡における肥満に起因する割合は,8.6% (2018年),15.0% (2021年),10.8% (2023年) と推定されています.
結論:
- 成人の肥満は,さまざまな病原体と集団における感染症関連の入院と死亡率の重要なリスク要因です.
- 世界中の感染症による死亡の約10%は,肥満に起因する可能性があります.
- 肥満に対処することは,感染症の世界的な負担を減らすために非常に重要です.
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