合成ブロモフォームを牛に直接流入した後の腸内メタンの生成
W Muizelaar1, K Nichols2, H Z Taweel3
1Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands; Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Journal of dairy science
|February 12, 2026
まとめ
牛の食事におけるブロモフォーム (CHBr3) 補給は,腸内メタン (CH4) 排出量を,投与量に依存した方法で効果的に減少させます. 高用量はCH4の生成を著しく低下させるが,飼料摂取との潜在的なトレードオフが存在する.
科学分野:
- 農業科学 農業科学とは
- 動物科学 動物科学
- 環境科学 環境科学
背景:
- 牛からの腸内メタン (CH4) 排出は,温室効果ガスの排出に寄与する.
- ブロモフォーム (CHBr3) は強力なCH4阻害剤ですが,その用量反応,メカニズム,副作用についてはさらなる調査が必要です.
- 海藻を用いた以前の研究では,CHBr3の効果を隔離する特異性が欠けている.
研究 の 目的:
- 合成ブロモフォーム (CHBr3) の乾物摂取量 (DMI),腸内ガスの排出量,および牛の反体発酵に対する用量依存的効果を決定する.
- CHBr3がCH4と水素 (H2) の生成に及ぼす影響の時間的動態を調査する.
- 飼料の摂取量減少などの潜在的な副作用を評価する.
主な方法:
- 4頭のホルシュタイン・フリジアン系牛は,4x4のラテン四角形で14日間にわたって,乳注入でブロモフォーム (0,59,192,または592 mg/d) を投与された.
- 乾物摂取量 (DMI) と腸内ガス排出量 (CH4,H2) は,GreenFeedシステムを使用して測定されました.
- ルーミナル揮発性脂肪酸 (VFA) 濃度とモラ比を分析した.
- ロジスティック機能は,注入および洗浄期間中のガス生産の動態をモデル化しました.
主要な成果:
- CH4の生成と収量は,CHBr3の投与量を増加させると二次的に減少し,592 mg/dで約90%減少した.
- 水素 (H2) の生成と生産量は,CHBr3の投与量で二次的に増加した.
- 最高用量 (592 mg/d) はDMIを6.2kg/dで数値的に減少させた.
- CH4の減少効果は,注射後2〜3日以内に現れ,注射後4〜5日後に逆転した.
結論:
- 合成CHBr3は,投与量に依存した非線形的な方法で,腸内CH4排出量を効果的に減少させます.
- 592 mg/dの投与量は,CH4を大幅に減少させましたが,DMIへの影響については注意が必要です.
- 時間の動態は,CH4緩和戦略におけるCHBr3の有効性および可逆性を理解するために重要である.
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