統合医療システムにおける45歳から75歳の成人の結腸直腸がん検査の完了: 遡及的分析
Marina Hanna1, Qin Sun2, Ari Bell-Brown3
1University of Washington Seattle United States.
まとめ
大腸がん (CRC) のスクリーニングは,ガイドラインが変更された後,45~49歳の成人の間で増加しました. 大腸内視鏡検査と糞便免疫化学検査 (FIT) が最も一般的な方法であり,改善されたCRC試験の完了を示した.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- 予防医学は,予防的な医療です.
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 米国予防サービスタスクフォース (USPSTF) は2021年にガイドラインを更新し,大腸がん (CRC) のスクリーニングは45歳で開始することを推奨しました.
- このシフトは,若い成人のCRC率の上昇に対処することを目的とした.
研究 の 目的:
- テストの完了率に対するCRCスクリーニング年齢の低下の影響を評価する.
- 45歳から49歳までの成人のCRCスクリーニングの異なる方法の利用を,より古い年齢グループと比較して分析する.
- 2021年から2024年の間にCRCスクリーニングの完了とモダリティの使用の変化を評価する.
主な方法:
- 遡及的なコホート研究デザインが採用されました.
- 統合された学術・コミュニティ保健システムからの電子医療記録を分析した.
- 2021年から2024年にかけてCRCスクリーニングを受ける資格のある45歳から75歳までの成人を含め,CRC検査の完了と方法 (コロノスコピー,FIT,FIT-DNA,CTコロノグラフィー,柔軟なシグモイドスコピー) を調べました.
主要な成果:
- 総合的なCRCテストの完了率は,2021年の61.8%から2024年の70.8%に増加しました.
- 45歳から49歳までの年齢層は,スクリーニング完了率が最も大きく増加し,25.6%から51.7%に上昇しました.
- 大腸内視鏡検査と排泄体免疫化学検査 (FIT) が主なスクリーニング方法であり,FITと大腸内視鏡検査の使用率は45~49歳の間で顕著に増加しました. また,スクリーニングの完了における人種・民族の格差も減少した.
結論:
- 2021年のUSPSTFの勧告は,特に45~49歳の年齢層において,CRCテストの完了率を向上させた.
- 大腸内視鏡とFITは主要なスクリーニング方法であり,これらの手法の採用が成功していることを示しています.
- 組織的なアウトリーチと多様なスクリーニングオプションは,CRCテストの完了を向上させるが,若い成人のための全国的なスクリーニング目標を達成するためにさらなる努力が必要である.
関連する概念動画
Integrated Healthcare System
2.4K
An integrated healthcare system (IHS) is a set of organizations that provides for or arranges to provide coordinated and continuous service to a defined population. The IHS takes responsibility for that particular population's health status and outcome, both clinically and fiscally. An integrated healthcare system is a well-organized, well-coordinated, and collaborative network. The integrated delivery system is a network that connects different healthcare providers to deliver organized,...
2.4K
Healthcare Agencies II
1.1K
There are various healthcare agencies in the United States—some of which are managed by religious institutions and others by different government branches.
Parish nursing is a growing specialty nursing profession that focuses on holistic healthcare, health promotion, and illness prevention. It blends professional nursing practice with a health ministry, focusing on health and healing within the context of a Christian community. Parish nurses serve as health educators, referral sources,...
Parish nursing is a growing specialty nursing profession that focuses on holistic healthcare, health promotion, and illness prevention. It blends professional nursing practice with a health ministry, focusing on health and healing within the context of a Christian community. Parish nurses serve as health educators, referral sources,...
1.1K
Secondary Healthcare System
2.1K
Secondary healthcare is offered by a specialist, generally in hospitals or clinics for patients referred by primary healthcare providers. It occurs when a person has an illness or injury that requires specific medical care. Secondary care is often referred to as acute care. Secondary care can range from uncomplicated care to repair a minor laceration or treat a strep throat infection to more complicated emergent care, such as treating a head injury sustained in an automobile accident. Whatever...
2.1K
Tertiary Healthcare System
2.2K
Specialized care provided over an extended period is called tertiary care. Usually, a primary or secondary care physician will refer a patient to tertiary care. A patient's maximum physical and mental function is restored in tertiary care, which is caused due to the impact of a chronic illness or condition. Tertiary care aims to achieve the highest level of functioning possible while managing chronic illness. For example, a patient who falls and fractures their hip will need secondary care...
2.2K
Healthcare Agencies I
1.2K
Healthcare agencies provide healthcare services to people. In the United States, voluntary agencies are often non-profit centers sponsored by donations, grants, or fundraisers. One such organization is Meals on Wheels, which provides meals to the elderly and homebound. The American Heart Association and the American Lung Association are other non-profit community organizations. Doctors and nurses are frequently active members of these organizations, which offer health checks and educational...
1.2K
Primary Healthcare Services
2.2K
Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
2.2K


