ティンシェメット洞窟の焼いた石の耐久性の実験的および考古学的評価
Alice Rodriguez1, Natasha Solodenko2, Sapir Ben Haim2
1Laboratory for the Study of Human Cultural Evolution, Institute of Archaeology, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. alice.rodriguez@mail.huji.ac.il.
Scientific reports
|February 12, 2026
まとめ
加熱によって石が変形する.
科学分野:
- 考古学考古学とは
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
背景:
- 火は人間の進化と場所の形成において極めて重要です.
- 焼けた人工物は,表面の潜在的な改変のため,機能研究から除外されることが多い.
- ティンシェメット洞窟の石器の約40%は熱変化を示しており,行動に関する解釈を制限しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 熱が石の表面の粗さにどのように影響するかを評価するために.
- 焼いた石の遺物に機能的な痕跡が残っているかどうかを判断する.
- 熱的に変化した石の定量的な機能分析の可行性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 様々な材料 (骨,木,肉,) に使用された実験的な石灰片を使用しました.
- フレイクは制御された条件下で加熱され,3Dコンフォカルプロフィロメトリーを使用して表面の質感を測定しました.
- 統計的分析 (ペア化統計,混合効果モデル) を採用し,実験サンプルと考古学的 (Tinshemet Cave) サンプルを比較した.
主要な成果:
- 燃焼により,垂直の粗さ (Sv, Sz) が著しく増加し,形状のパラメータ (Ssk, Sku) が変化しました.
- 空間的パラメータ (Str,Sdr,Sal) は加熱後にほぼ安定した状態でした.
- 埋められた実験用フレークは損傷を示さなかったが,表面に暴露されたフレークは熱変化を示した.
結論:
- 熱による変化は石の磨損を変化させますが,消去することはありません.
- 加熱した火石の定量機能分析は,パラメータ特有の効果を考慮することによって実現可能である.
- 堆積層は火石のアーティファクトを熱的損傷から守ることができます.
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