クロザピンで治療された統合失調症における精神病症状の改善の定量化:大型言語モデルによる臨床ノート分析
Misa Matsumura1, Keiichiro Nishida2, Katsunori Toyoda2
1Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan.
Scientific reports
|February 12, 2026
まとめ
大型言語モデル (LLM) は,治療中に統合失調症の症状の変化を追跡するために臨床ノートを分析することができます. この自然言語処理アプローチは,電子医療記録を使用して治療の有効性を評価するための低負担の方法を提供します.
科学分野:
- 精神医学とコンピュータ言語学
- 医療における人工知能の応用
背景:
- 統合失調症の症状は,患者の言語パターンでしばしば明らかになります.
- 自然言語処理 (NLP) は,統合失調症における言語欠陥の定量的な評価を提供します.
- 現存するNLPの研究は,しばしば治療に関連する改善を無視し,急性段階や精神病の予測に焦点を当てている.
研究 の 目的:
- 構造化されていない電子医療記録 (EHR) から統合失調症の症状を評価する際に,大型言語モデル (LLM) の有用性を調査する.
- クロザピン療法中の臨床ノートのLLM分析を使用して,統合失調症の症状における治療に関連する変化を評価する.
主な方法:
- クロザピン治療を受けている治療に抵抗性のある統合失調症の30人の患者から5,275人の臨床ノートの分析.
- 3つの最先端のLLMをBPRS (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale) に基づいた症状の評価に適用した.
- パート・オブ・スピーチ (POS),バッグ・オブ・ワード (BoW),および言語調査と単語カウント (LIWC) を含む補完的な言語学的分析.
主要な成果:
- LLMベースのBPRSの評価は,不安,概念的混乱,疑念,異常な思考内容,幻覚的行動,うつ状態の症状の有意な減少を示しました.
- パーツ・オブ・スピーチの分析により,文章毎の形容詞の使用が増えたことが明らかになった.
- LIWCの分析は,治療後のポジティブな感情表現の上昇を示した.
結論:
- LLMは,構造化されていないEHRテキストから臨床的に重要な症状情報を効果的に抽出することができます.
- このアプローチは,治療による精神病症状の変化を捉えるためのLLMの能力を示しています.
- この方法は,通常のEHRデータを用いて臨床判断をサポートする低負担のアプローチを提供します.
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