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Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

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Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

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Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
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Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors01:27

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Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a neurological disorder characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs due to uncomfortable sensations. These sensations typically occur during periods of rest or inactivity, particularly when lying down or sitting, and can severely disrupt sleep.
The exact cause of RLS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve dopamine, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate muscle movement. Imbalances in dopamine levels...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome V: Nursing Management01:26

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Nursing Assessment:Nursing management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) involves taking the patient's history, focusing on primary complaints such as chest pain, dyspnea, and excessive sweating (diaphoresis), as well as other symptoms like back or jaw pain, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness, and fatigue. The nurse also reviews the patient's history of cardiac events, risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, family history, and current medications.In the objective assessment,...
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Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

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IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
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左心室非収縮症候群 (LVCNS) とは

Kateryna Strubchevska1, Olena Strubchevska2, Marko Kozyk3

  • 1From the Departments of Medicine, New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY.

Cardiology in review
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まとめ

左心室非収縮症 (LVNC) は,議論の余地のある分類と複雑な遺伝的根拠を持つ困難な心筋疾患です. その診断基準は,他の疾患と重複し,正確な識別とリスク評価を複雑にします.

キーワード:
CMRのCMRは,CMRのCMRと一致しています.カーディオミオパシー カーディオミオパシーエコーカルディオグラフィー エコーカルディオグラフィー遺伝学 遺伝学 遺伝学とは心不全は,心不全を意味する.左心室の非収縮が起こっています.

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科学分野:

  • 心臓病学 心臓病学
  • 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
  • 医療診断 医療診断

背景:

  • 左心室非収縮症 (LVNC) は,左心室に影響を及ぼし,右心室または二心室の関与の可能性のある主要な心筋病です.
  • 神経筋疾患,先天性心不全,染色体異常などに併発することがあります.
  • 現在の分類は議論されており,その遺伝的または分類されていない状態に関する主要な心血管学会からの異なる見解があります.

研究 の 目的:

  • 左心室非収縮症 (LVNC) の分類課題と診断基準を探求する.
  • 他の心筋疾患とのLVNCの遺伝的状況とフェノタイプの重複について議論する.
  • 様々な生理学的状態における診断基準の影響を強調する.

主な方法:

  • LVNC.に関する既存の文献と分類システムのレビュー.
  • トラベキュレーションとコンパクトされた心筋膜の比率に基づく診断基準の分析.
  • ハイパートロフィックおよび膨張性心筋疾患とのフェノタイプの重複の検討.

主要な成果:

  • LVNCの分類は,その異質性と社会的分類が異なるため,論争の的であり続けています.
  • LVNCの診断基準は,アスリートや妊婦を含む,心筋病症のない個人に見られます.
  • LVNCの遺伝的基礎は複雑で,他の心筋疾患と重複することが多い.

結論:

  • LVNCの伝統的な分類は,その複雑な遺伝学と診断の曖昧さによって挑戦されています.
  • LVNCの正確な診断には,その異質な性質と,他の疾患との潜在的な重なり合いを慎重に検討する必要があります.
  • しばしば無症状であるにもかかわらず,LVNCは,血栓栓塞栓性イベント,心臓機能不全,不律症,突然の心臓死などのリスクを伴う.