医療AIにおける倫理的責任: 半システマティックなテーマレビューと多レベルガバナンスモデル
Domingos Martinho1,2, Pedro Sobreiro3, Andreia Domingues1
1ISLA Santarém, Polytechnic University, Rua Dr. Teixeira Guedes, 31, 2000-029 Santarém, Portugal.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 13, 2026
まとめ
医療における人工知能 (AI) は倫理的な課題を提示する. この研究では,断片化された状況が確認され,AI支援医療の透明性,説明責任,公平性に対処するために統合されたガバナンスフレームワークの必要性を強調しました.
科学分野:
- 医療倫理 医療倫理について
- 医療情報工学 医療情報工学
- 医療における人工知能
背景:
- 人工知能 (AI) は医療に革命を起こし,診断と効率を向上させています.
- この変革は,透明性,説明責任,公平性を含む重要な倫理的考慮事項を導入します.
- この研究では,倫理的責任がAI支援医療文献の中でどのように概念化され,配布されているかを調査しています.
研究 の 目的:
- AI支援医療における倫理的責任の概念化と分布に関する文献を検証する.
- 現在のAI医療実践における支配的な倫理的懸念とギャップを特定する.
- 医学におけるAIのための多層の倫理的責任モデルを開発する.
主な方法:
- PRISMA 2020のガイドラインに準拠した,理論に基づいた半システマティックなテーマレビューです.
- 主要な科学データベース (PubMed,ScienceDirect,IEEE Xplore) とMDPIジャーナルで2020年から2025年にかけての文献検索.
- 透明性,説明責任,患者自律性を含む8つのカテゴリーの倫理的枠組みを用いた187件の関連性高い研究の分析.
主要な成果:
- テクノロジーの進歩が規制の調和と責任の共有を上回る,断片化された倫理的景観.
- 透明性と説明可能性が主な懸念事項として (34.8%) 挙げられ,組織の責任,データ公平性,患者の自律性における重大なギャップが特定されました.
- 臨床的,制度的,規制的側面を統合した多層の倫理的責任モデルの開発.
結論:
- 医療におけるAIは,倫理的原則と規制的慣行を一致させ,認識的正義を確保する堅牢なガバナンスフレームワークを必要とします.
- 提案された多次元のモデルは,AIの実装のための規範的な倫理と運用ガバナンスを橋渡しする.
- 将来の研究は,臨床実践,公平性,信頼に対するAIの影響を評価するために,経験的,縦断的,学際的な研究に焦点を当てるべきです.
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