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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

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グラウコマの理解における眼と腸の微生物群軸:体系的なレビュー
Bruno Songel-Sanchis1, Laura Morales-Fernández1,2, Javier García-Bardera2
1Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Journal of clinical medicine
|February 13, 2026
まとめ
グラウコマの患者は腸内および眼内微生物の変化が顕著であり,疾患の進行と乾燥した目に関連したディスバイオシスがあります. 微生物群のプロファイリングは,緑内障の予測と治療に役立ちます.
科学分野:
- オフタルモロジック (眼科)
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- グラウコマは不可逆的な失明の主要な原因であり,網膜のギャングリアン細胞の損失によって特徴付けられます.
- 眼内圧上昇 (IOP) は主要なリスク因子ですが,微生物群の役割はますます認識されています.
- 眼および腸内微生物群は,緑内障の発症および進行に影響を与える可能性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 眼球および腸内微生物群の特徴を,様々なグラウコマのタイプを持つ患者で確認する.
- 微生物群の構成と緑内障との関係を調査する.
- ディスバイオシス,乾燥眼疾患,および緑内障の間の潜在的な関連性を調査する.
主な方法:
- PRISMA 2020のガイドラインに従って,体系的な文献レビューを行う.
- 2025年6月から9月にかけて実施された検索で,121から14の関連記事が見つかりました.
- グラウコマ患者と対照群における眼と腸の微生物群の変化の分析.
主要な成果:
- グラウコマは,ミクロバイオータに影響を与えるメンデルの遺伝的傾向と関連しています.
- ベンザルコニウム塩化物 (BAK) 治療は,グラム陰性細菌とリポポリサッカリド合成を増加させた.
- グラウコマの患者は,コリーネバクテリウム・マスティディティスとアクチノバクテリアの減少を示し,フィルミキュート,プロテオバクテリア,およびVerrucomicrobiotaの増加を示した.
- ディスバイオシスは,乾燥眼疾患のグラウコマ患者においてより重症であった.
結論:
- グラウコマのサブタイプと対照群の間には,目と腸の微生物群に顕著な違いがあります.
- 年齢に関連したディスバイオシスと表遺伝的要因は,緑内障の発症に寄与する.
- 微生物群のプロファイリングは,グラウコマの予測,管理,治療を改善する可能性を秘めています.
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