概念モデルから応用実践へのエネルギー利用の見直し: ネラティブレビュー
Sergio Espinar1, Marina A Sánchez-Fernández2, Juan J Martin-Olmedo3
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain.
Nutrients
|February 13, 2026
まとめ
エネルギーの利用可能性 (EA) は,アスリートの健康とパフォーマンスのために非常に重要です. 慢性的な低エネルギー可用性 (LEA) は,ホルモン,代謝,回復に影響を及ぼしますが,正確な評価は,アスリートにとって困難です.
科学分野:
- スポーツ科学 スポーツ科学
- 運動生理学 運動生理学
- 栄養科学とは,栄養科学である.
背景:
- エネルギー可用性 (EA) は,運動エネルギー支出 (EEE) の後に残るエネルギーです.
- 慢性的なEA不足は,スポーツにおける相対エネルギー不足 (REDs) の重要な要因である低エネルギー可用性 (LEA) に繋がります.
研究 の 目的:
- EAとLEAの概念の進化を調査する.
- LEAに関する生理学的証拠を要約する.
- アスリートにおけるEA/LEAの評価と適用における課題について議論する.
主な方法:
- LEAの結果に関する実験的および観察的研究のレビュー.
- スクリーニングアンケート (LEAF-Q,LEAM-Q) の有効性と適用性の評価
- LEA検出のためのホルモン,代謝,および行動指標の評価.
主要な成果:
- LEAは,ホルモン変化 (甲状腺,生殖),低代謝率,低骨密度,回復障害と関連しています.
- スクリーニングツールは精度が変動し,ホルモンおよび代謝バイオマーカーはより直接的な検出を提供します.
- 食事による摂取量,EEE,および身体の組成を実際の環境で正確に測定することは困難です.
結論:
- EAは,アスリートの健康とパフォーマンスのために不可欠ですが,評価の制限は診断を妨げます.
- LEAの早期発見には,改善された測定技術と統合モニタリングが必要である.
- REDsを予防するには,より良い識別戦略と個別化された栄養指導が必要です.
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