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栄養補助プログラムと小児の体重評価:体系的なレビュー

Dan Ferris¹, Genevieve Davison², Tyler Frank³

¹Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.

|February 13, 2026

まとめ

連邦栄養補助プログラム (FNAPs) は,子供の体重結果と複雑な関係を示しています. 証拠は広範な有害効果を裏付けず,政策の変更は健康を改善する可能性がある.

科学分野:

公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
栄養科学栄養学栄養科学は,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学は,栄養学が,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は
小児の健康に関する小児保健

背景:

米国における食糧不安と小児肥満の同時増加は,栄養支援プログラムについて疑問を投げかけます.
連邦栄養支援プログラム (FNAP) は,多くの米国の子供たちの食料安全保障の核心です.

研究の目的:

FNAP参加と小児の体重に関する結果の関係に関する証拠を体系的に検討する.
異なる種類のFNAPと政策変更が子供の体重にどのように影響するかについての調査結果をまとめます.

主な方法:

2024年7月までに公表された米国ベースのピアレビュー研究を体系的にレビューする.
FNAP参加と小児体重の評価を評価する研究を6つのデータベースで検索しました.
定量的な研究と政策に焦点を当てた研究を含み,プログラムタイプと研究設計による調査結果を分析した.

主要な成果:

75件の研究が含まれており,単一のFNAPが子供の体重に一貫した影響を及ぼしたものはありませんでした. 20件の研究で有益な関係が示され,32件では異なった結果が報告され,16件では関連性がないことが示されました.
負の体重関連は,質が低い研究においてより一般的であった. 健康な飢餓のない子供法のような政策の変更は,体重の結果と関連性を示しました.
8件の政策評価は有益な効果を示し,9件の評価は混雑した結果を示した.

結論:

FNAP参加と小児の体重の間には,人口,プログラム,および研究設計によって異なる複雑な非因果的な関連性があります.
証拠は,FNAPによる広範囲にわたる負の重量効果を裏付けていません.
政策における栄養基準の強化は,より健康的な子供の体重を促す可能性がある.

キーワード:

ボディ・マス・インデックス (Body Mass Index) とは食料安全保障食料安全保障栄養支援プログラム栄養支援プログラム小児の肥満は小児の肥満です.政策介入政策介入について学校の給食についてです.

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