高齢者の口腔リハビリテーションと多学科チームアプローチ: ネラティブレビュー
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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

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Mineka Yoshikawa1, Azusa Haruta1, Yutaro Takahashi1
1Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima City 734-8553, Japan.
Nutrients
|February 13, 2026
まとめ
高齢者の口腔ケア,栄養,リハビリテーションを統合することで,口腔機能と全体的な健康が著しく改善されます. このトライアディック・インタープロフェッショナル・アプローチは,よりよいジェリアトリック・アウトカムのための複雑なニーズに対応しています.
科学分野:
- ゲリアトリック・メディシン (老年医学)
- インタープロフェッショナル・ヘルスケア
- 口腔衛生は,口腔の健康についてです.
背景:
- 高齢者の口腔の弱さや機能低下は,栄養不良,身体の衰弱,飲み込み障害と関連しています.
- 孤立した介入は,複雑な生物学的,心理的,社会的要因が関与しているため,不十分です.
- 口腔ケア,栄養,リハビリテーションを統合した学際的なアプローチが有望である.
研究 の 目的:
- 高齢者の口腔の脆弱性および機能低下に対する多面的な専門間介入に関する証拠をレビューする.
- 様々な介護環境における研究から得られた結果を統合する.
主な方法:
- PubMedとWeb of Science (2000-2025) を通じて特定された15の研究のナラティブレビューである.
- 研究は,インタープロフェッショナル介入の後の高齢者の口腔,栄養,または身体的結果に焦点を当てた.
- データは,異質性によるナラティブ・シンセシスを使用して統合されました.
主要な成果:
- 教育的な介入により,口腔衛生と介護者の意識が向上しました.
- リハビリテーションとマルチドメインのプログラムは,舌の圧力,飲み込み,噛みしめ,そして日常の活動を強化しました.
- 栄養補助は,吸入リスクを低減し,口腔機能を改善します.
- コミュニティと家庭でのケアプログラムは,口服摂取の再開を容易にし,チューブで栄養を受けた患者の69%が1つの研究で口服摂取を再開しました.
結論:
- 高齢者ケアには,トライアディックで専門間的なアプローチが推奨されます.
- 統合された口腔,栄養,リハビリテーションの介入は,高齢者の口腔機能を一貫して改善します.
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