食事摂取に関する自己報告のアンケートと,入院患者の横断的研究における客観的な測定値との関連
Mary Thompson1, Emma J Stinson1, Tomás Cabeza de Baca1
1Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology & Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
Nutrients
|February 13, 2026
まとめ
自己報告された食事摂取に関するアンケートでは,実際の食物の消費と相関が弱いことが示されています. この不正確さは,低脂肪食品の摂取量に関して女性において特に顕著である.
科学分野:
- 栄養科学 栄養科学とは
- ダイエット評価 ダイエット評価
- 行動科学は,行動科学である.
背景:
- 自己報告された食事摂取に関するアンケートには,しばしば正確性が欠けている.
- 性,食生活,環境などの要因は,報告された摂取量に影響を与える可能性があります.
- 自己報告方法の検証には,客観的な測定が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 自己報告された食事摂取量を,客観的に測定された任意の摂取量と比較する.
- 性別および食品グループ組成による正確性の違いを評価する.
- 多様な集団における食事に関するアンケートの信頼性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 279人の参加者 (1999年−2023年) の入院データを使用した.
- 参加者は6つのグループ (高脂肪,低脂肪,高複合炭水化物,高タンパク質,高単純な砂糖) で77種類の食品を含む3つの食事摂取に関するアンケートを記入しました.
- 目標摂取量は,3日間のグループ摂取量の平均パーセントで測定され,性との相互作用による一般的な線形モデルを使用して分析されました.
主要な成果:
- 客観的に測定された摂取量とアンケートでの評価の間に弱い正の相関 (r ≤ 0.25) が観察されました.
- 性別による低脂肪/高タンパク質,低脂肪/高複合炭水化物群との有意な相互作用は,主に男性で発見されました.
- 食事に関するアンケートでは,特に女性および低脂肪食品の場合,実際の摂取量との関連が最小であることが示されました.
結論:
- 自己報告の食事に関するアンケートには,実際の食事摂取量との関連が限られている.
- 女性は,特に低脂肪食品に関しては,自己報告と客観的に測定された摂取量の違いが大きい.
- ダイエット評価ツールの正確性を向上させるためにさらなる研究が必要である.
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