患者が報告した結果の測定は,神経学的集団における死亡率を予測できますか? システマティック・レビュー
Hyunjun Ahn1, Yadi Li2, Nicolas Thompson2
1Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States.
Frontiers in neurology
|February 13, 2026
まとめ
患者報告結果測定法 (PROM) は,神経学的状態における死亡率を予測することができます. 身体的健康PROMは,感情的PROMよりも,特に癌や運動ニューロン疾患において,より強い予後値を示した.
科学分野:
- 神経学 神経学とは
- 臨床流行病学 臨床流行病学とは
- 健康に関する研究成果 研究成果
背景:
- 患者報告結果測定 (PROM) は,症状のモニタリングと神経学的状態のケアを導くために不可欠です.
- 神経学的集団における死亡率を予測するためのPROMの予後値は不明である.
- このレビューは,神経学的障害を持つ成人の死亡率と生存率に関するPROMの予測能力を評価しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 死亡率および/または生存率の予測におけるPROMの予後値を体系的にレビューし,評価する.
- 死亡率の予測のための最も強力な証拠を持つ神経学的状態と特定のPROMを特定する.
- 異なる神経疾患およびPROMタイプにおける予後効性の変動を調査する.
主な方法:
- MEDLINE,Embase,およびコクラン・セントラル・レジスタ (2002-2024) の体系的な文献検索.
- 10つの神経疾患におけるPROMを用いた死亡率/生存率を予測する研究を含む.
- データの抽出とバイアスのリスクの評価は,PRISMAとCHARMSのガイドラインに従って行われました.
主要な成果:
- 49件の研究では,脳卒中,神経系がん,運動ニューロン疾患に焦点を当てて,含める基準を満たした.
- PROMは,研究の75%で独立して死亡率を予測し,神経系がんやモーターニューロン疾患において顕著な有用性を示した.
- 一般的なPROM (例えば,SF-36) と状態特有のPROM (例えば,EORTC QLQ) は,より予測力のある身体的健康成分を持つ,予後的価値を示した.
結論:
- PROMは,様々な神経学的状態における死亡率に関する独立した予後値を有しています.
- 予測的有用性は,特定の神経学的状態と使用されたPROM機器によって異なります.
- 追加の研究は,PROMの付加価値と,通常の予後モデルへの統合の可行性を調査する必要があります.
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