Photic Nicheは,日食に対する鳥の行動反応を説明しています

Neil A Gilbert¹, Brent S Pease², MaryKay Severino³

¹Department of Biology Oklahoma State University Stillwater Oklahoma USA.

Ecology and evolution

|February 13, 2026

まとめ

鳥は日食の間,声調を変化させました. ほとんどの種は全食の間,静かになったが,夜行鳥はより多く歌った. 環状日食は,鳥の声の行動にほとんど影響しませんでした.

科学分野:

エコロジーエコロジーエコロジー
動物の行動動物の行動
バイオアコースティクスバイオアコースティクス

背景:

太陽食は急速な環境変化を引き起こし,自然の実験として機能します.
短期的な環境変化に対する動物の反応は,生態学的理解にとって極めて重要です.

研究の目的:

鳥の鳴き声が日食に反応してどのように変化するかを調査するために.
完全日食と環状日食の反応と,異なる遮光レベルを区別するために.

主な方法:

参加型科学 (181種,873箇所) の大きな音響データセットを利用した.
北米における2023年の環状日食と2024年の太陽全食の鳥の鳴き声の定量化変化.

主要な成果:

完全日食 (>94%の遮り方) のとき,ほとんどの種は声を出さないが,夜行性/大眼種の場合は声が出ることが多い.
適度な遮蔽 (70%-93%) は,ほとんどの鳥種の発声の増加につながった.
繁殖期以外の期間の環状日食は,鳥の声の行動に大きな変化を示さなかった.

結論:

太陽食,特に全食は,鳥の声の行動に,一時的ではあるが,重大な変化をもたらします.
太陽の遮蔽の程度と年の時期は,種特有の反応に影響します.
エコロジカルサウンドスケープは,日食の間,光条件の変化によって動的に変化します.

キーワード:

音響学音響学とは行動生態学は,行動生態学である.ディエル活動パターンのパターン参加型科学とは感覚エコロジー感覚エコロジー

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