子どもにおける阻害性睡眠時無呼吸症候群: 罹患率と過剰体重および肥満との関連
Ingibjorg Ingolfsdottir1,2, Laufey Hrolfsdottir1,3, Groa Bjork Johannesdottir1
1Akureyri Hospital, Akureyri, Iceland.
まとめ
阻害性睡眠時無呼吸症 (OSA) は,小児に多く見られ,過体重や肥満がリスクを大幅に増加させる. 早期発見と管理は,子どもの健康にとって極めて重要です.
科学分野:
- 小児睡眠医学について
- 子どもの肥満に関する研究
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 阻害性睡眠時無呼吸症 (OSA) は,小児の診断が不十分で,長期的な健康に影響を及ぼす可能性があります.
- 肥満は成人におけるOSAの既知の危険因子であるが,子供におけるその関連性についてはさらなる調査が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 4歳から9歳までの小児におけるOSAの罹患率を評価する.
- この小児の集団における体重増加,超重量,肥満,OSAとの関連性を決定する.
主な方法:
- 371人の子ども (4~9歳) を対象に1年間に渡って実施された横断的な研究.
- 睡眠は,小児睡眠アンケート (PSQ) と家庭での睡眠テストを使用して評価されました.
- 体重過多/肥満を評価するために使用されるボディマス指数 (BMI) zスコア;多変数回帰でOSA関連性を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 診断されていないOSAの罹患率は22.7%で,中等から重度のOSAはそれぞれ16.2%と6.5%でした.
- 増加したBMIのzスコアは,中等度/重度のOSA (OR=1.35/単位増加) の高い確率と相関しています.
- 体重過多と肥満は,正常体重と比較して,中程度から重度のOSAのリスクがほぼ3倍と関連していました.
結論:
- 小児におけるOSAの罹患率は,以前に推定されたより高い.
- 体重増加,過体重,肥満は,子供のOSA診断と有意に関連しています.
- 研究結果は,小児性OSAの予防と治療における体重管理の重要性を強調しています.
関連する概念動画
Sleep Apnea
593
Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
The condition is more prevalent among...
593
Prevalence and Incidence
1.9K
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
1.9K
Obesity
1.4K
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
1.4K
Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation
962
Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
962
Stages of Sleep
1.5K
Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
1.5K
Understanding Sleep
1.6K
Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...
1.6K


