SWAT-WASPカップリングによる稀土採掘の流域におけるアンモニア窒素のモデリング
Zidan Wu1,2, Youcun Liu2,3, Mingyong Zhu2,4
1School of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China.
まとめ
稀土採掘による高アンモニア窒素 (NH4+N) の汚染は,水質に悪影響を及ぼします. SWAT-WASPモデルを組み合わせてNH4+Nの動態を効果的にシミュレートし,汚染ホットスポットの主要な原動力として人口と産業活動を特定しました.
科学分野:
- 環境科学 環境科学
- 水質管理 水質管理
- 生態系の健康について
背景:
- 離子稀土鉱山盆地では,高濃度のアンモニア窒素 (NH4+N) から水質が著しく汚染されています.
- この汚染は水生生態系と飲料水源の安全性を脅かしています.
研究 の 目的:
- 上部東江流域 (UDRB) のNH4+Nダイナミクスを定量化するための結合SWAT-WASPモデルの開発と検証.
- NH4+N汚染における空間的異質性の主要な要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- 統合されたリモートセンシングと長期モニタリングデータを組み合わせ,SWAT-WASPモデルを構築する.
- 2016~2018年の月間観測を用いてモデルの校正と検証を行いました.
- NH4+Nの空間分布に影響を与える要因を決定するために,地質探知器分析を使用した.
主要な成果:
- SWAT-WASPモデルは,流出とNH4+N濃度 (NSE値は0.56から0.87まで) のシミュレーションで良好なパフォーマンスを示しました.
- シミュレーションにより,NH4+Nの空間的な異質性が顕著になり,鉱山地帯の近くでは濃度が高くなりました.
- 人口密度と工業農業活動が,NH4+Nレベルにおける空間的差異の主要な原動力として特定されました.
結論:
- クープリングされたSWAT-WASPモデルは,希土鉱山流域におけるNH4+Nダイナミクスを評価するための信頼できるツールです.
- この調査結果は,対象の汚染対策戦略と,被災地における生態系の回復に向けた取り組みを裏付けている.
関連する概念動画
The Nitrogen Cycle
60.7K
Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
60.7K
Conditions on Early Earth
101.9K
Around 4 billion years ago, oceans began to condense on earth while volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen into the primordial atmosphere. However, organisms with the characteristics of life were not initially present on earth. Scientists have used experimentation to determine how organisms evolved that could grow, reproduce, and maintain an internal environment.
101.9K
Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
11.5K
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
11.5K
Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation
576
Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
576
Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur
7.1K
Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
7.1K
Preparation of Amines: Alkylation of Ammonia and Amines
4.7K
Alkylation is one of the methods used to prepare amines. Direct alkylation of ammonia or a primary amine with an alkyl halide gives polyalkylated amines along with a quaternary ammonium salt through successive SN2 reactions. This process of making the quaternary salt through the direct alkylation method is called exhaustive alkylation.
Each alkylation step makes the nitrogen center more nucleophilic, which triggers successive alkylations until a quaternary ammonium salt is formed. Considering...
Each alkylation step makes the nitrogen center more nucleophilic, which triggers successive alkylations until a quaternary ammonium salt is formed. Considering...
4.7K


