短距離スプリントにおける異なるプリオメトリックトレーニング方式の活性化後のパフォーマンスの向上効果: 急性ランダム化クロスオーバー研究
Wenhao Qu1,2, Wuwen Peng1,2, Yueming Li1,3
1School of Athletic Training, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
PloS one
|February 13, 2026
まとめ
垂直ジャンププリオメトリックトレーニングは,スプリントのパフォーマンスを向上させる可能性を示したが,水平および組合せトレーニングは,アクティベーション後のパフォーマンスの向上 (PAPE) 効果を大きく発揮しなかった. これらの発見を様々な集団で確認するためにさらなる研究が必要である.
科学分野:
- スポーツ科学 スポーツ科学
- 運動生理学 運動生理学
背景:
- 活性化後の性能強化 (PAPE) は,前回のコンディショニングアクティビティ (CA) が,その後の爆発性能を向上させることができる現象です.
- ストレッチ短縮サイクルを含むプリオメトリックトレーニングは,運動パフォーマンスを改善するために使用される一般的なCAです.
- 異なるプリオメトリックの様式は,スプリントのパフォーマンスに対するPAPE効果に影響を及ぼす可能性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 垂直ジャンププリオメトリックトレーニング (VJ-PT),水平ジャンププリオメトリックトレーニング (HJ-PT),および複合ジャンププリオメトリックトレーニング (CJ-PT) が,短距離スプリントのパフォーマンスにおけるPAPEに及ぼす影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- ランダム化されたクロスオーバーデザインは,12人の男性参加者と利用されました.
- 参加者はVJ-PT,HJ-PT,CJ-PTの3つのトレーニングを完了し,それぞれ2セット×6回のリピートを行いました.
- 5メートルのスプリントのパフォーマンスは,介入前および4,8,12,16分間のトレーニング後に,スマートスピードシステムを使用して評価されました.
主要な成果:
- スプリントのパフォーマンスに時間,介入,または相互作用の統計的に有意な影響は認められませんでした.
- VJ-PTは,5メートルのスプリントのパフォーマンス,特にトレーニング後の4-8分間で,適度な効果サイズを示しました.
- HJ-PTとCJ-PTは小さな悪影響を示したが,有意なPAPEは観察されなかった. Pearsonの相関は,スプリントのパフォーマンスとピークのPAPEまでの時間との間に有意な関連性がないことを明らかにしました.
結論:
- VJ-PTは,短距離スプリントのパフォーマンスのための潜在的な利点を提供することができますが,結果は予備的です.
- HJ-PTとCJ-PTは,ピークまでの時間差または累積的な疲労による可能性のある重要なPAPE効果を生じませんでした.
- 将来の研究は,より大規模で多様なサンプルを採取し,混同因子を制御し,表面電気ミオグラフィのような測定法を使用して,根本的なメカニズムを解明する必要があります.
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