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反対のインスリン信号は,半球昆虫の同じ発達スイッチの根底にある

Jin-Li Zhang^1,2, Yong-Kang Liu¹, Yi Wan¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.

Science advances

|February 13, 2026

まとめ

インスリン/インスリン類似シグナル伝達 (IIS) 遺伝子は,昆虫の臓器成長において,対極的な役割を果たしています. IISの不活性化または活性化により,ホルモンレベルに影響を与えることで長い翼が生じ,シグナル伝達と発達の間の驚くべき関連が明らかになる.

科学分野:

進化生物学の進化生物学について
発達生物学発達生物学とは
分子シグナル伝達です.

背景:

インスリン/インスリン類似シグナル伝達 (IIS) 経路は,メタゾーンにおける臓器成長を促進すると広く考えられている.
保存されたシグナル伝達経路の進化的可塑性を理解することは,発達メカニズムを解読する上で極めて重要です.

研究の目的:

翼型虫の臓器成長,特に翼の発達を調節するIIS経路の役割を調査する.
IISが短翼と長翼の切り替えに影響を与える分子メカニズムを解明する.

主な方法:

火虫と植物の種におけるIIS経路遺伝子機能の比較分析.
エクディステロイド生物合成経路遺伝子の調節を調査する.
IIS経路調節が翼の発達とホルモン位数に与える影響を評価する.

主要な成果:

IIS遺伝子は,火虫とプラントホッパースの間の翼の成長調節において,対極的な役割を演じた.
火虫では,IISの無活性化が長い翼を促し,植物では,IISの活性化が長い翼を促す.
IISの活性化と無活性化の両方が,エクディステロイドの位数を調節する方向に収束し,最終的に長い翼の発達を誘導します.

結論:

IIS経路は,昆虫種間の臓器成長調節における機能的な相違を示している.
エクディステロイド標位を含む保存されたメカニズムは,対極的なIIS活動を統一された発達結果 (長い翼) に変換します.
発見は,IISが臓器の成長を促進するだけのものであるという伝統的な見解に異議を唱え,この文脈で否定的な関係を強調しています.

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