ADHDの子供の認知トレーニングの移転性: 修復と補償のアプローチの比較
Azin Sarraj Khorrami1, Jalil Fathabadi1, Vahid Nejati1
1Department of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Acta psychologica
|February 13, 2026
まとめ
注意力および記憶の注意力回復 (ARAM) と実行機能訓練プログラム (PETRA) のような認知トレーニングプログラムは,学前児のADHDの症状と認知能力を効果的に改善しました. 両方の介入は,さまざまな領域にわたるポジティブな転移効果を示した.
科学分野:
- 児童心理学 児童心理学について
- 神経発達障害 神経発達障害とは
- 認知神経科学とは
背景:
- 注意欠陥/多動性障害 (ADHD) は,学前児の行動や認知機能に大きく影響します.
- 認知トレーニングの介入は,実行機能を改善し,ADHDの症状を軽減するための潜在的な道を提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- ADHDの幼稚園児における注意と記憶の注意力回復 (ARAM) と実行機能訓練プログラム (PETRA) の有効性を評価する.
- これらの介入の後,行動症状と認知機能の改善を評価する.
- 異なる領域におけるARAMとPETRAの移転効果を検証する.
主な方法:
- ADHDと診断された47人の幼稚園児を対象としたランダム化制御試験です.
- 参加者はARAM,PETRA,またはコントロールグループに割り当てられました.
- 行動的アウトカム (BRIEF,ADHD-SC4) と認知機能 (Day/Night Stroop,Missing Scan Test,Trail Making Test) を評価した. 行動的アウトカム (BRIEF,ADHD-SC4) と認知機能 (Day/Night Stroop,Missing Scan Test,Trail Making Test) を評価した. 行動的アウトカム (BRIEF,ADHD-SC4) と認知機能 (Day/Night Stroop,Missing Scan Test,Trail Making Test) を評価した. 行動的アウトカム (BRIEF,ADHD-SC4) と認知機能 (Day/Night Stroop,Missing Scan Test,Trail Making Test) を評価した.
主要な成果:
- ARAMとPETRAの両グループは,抑制制御,注意の移転,記憶,計画,感情の調節における有意な改善を示しました.
- 両方の介入グループでADHDの症状の持続的な減少が観察されました.
- 移転効果は,機能,実装,エコロジー,レベル,持続領域にわたって観察され,PETRAではより大きな効果サイズが示されました.
結論:
- ARAMとPETRAは,エグゼクティブ機能を改善し,ADHDの幼稚園児の行動症状を軽減するための効果的な認知介入です.
- 両方の介入は,さまざまな領域におけるスキルの移転性を促進します.
- PETRAはARAMと比較してより広範な転送効果を提供することがあります.
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