物理療法と職業療法による評価を用いて,将来の転倒のリスクのある高齢者を特定する: 怪我による転倒のために入院した患者の症例対照研究
Jacob W Roden-Foreman1, Isabel Vega Calderón1, Devayani Kurlekar2
1Division of Trauma, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, 8200 Walnut Hill Lane, Dallas 75231, TX, USA.
まとめ
物理療法および職業療法による評価は,高齢者の転倒を予測することができます. トイレの欠陥や歩行評価の際の支援が必要な場合,転倒リスクが高くなり,外来患者による作業療法によって減少する可能性があります.
科学分野:
- ゲロントロジーはゲロントロジーの学科です.
- リハビリテーション医学 リハビリテーション医学
- ゲリアトリク・メディシン (老年医学)
背景:
- 転倒は,高齢者の負傷と入院の主な原因です.
- 次の転落を予測することは,効果的な転落予防戦略にとって極めて重要です.
- 転倒後に再入院のリスクが高い個人を特定することは,標的を絞った介入に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 高齢者の高齢者の秋季入院後の物理療法および職業療法評価の予測精度を評価する.
- 特定の機能的欠陥を特定し,転倒による再入学と相関する免除勧告を行う.
- 外来労働療法への紹介が再発性転倒のリスクに影響するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 遡及的にマッチした症例対照試験の設計が採用されました.
- 2015年から2019年の間に転倒のために入院した65歳以上の患者も含まれていました.
- 1年以内に2度目の秋の入院をした症例は,対照群と1:1でマッチされ,ベイエスの条件付きロジスティック回帰を用いて予測要因が分析されました.
主要な成果:
- トイレ不足 (OR=2.86),熟練した看護師への退院 (OR=3.06),歩行に必要な最小限の支援 (OR=4.66),またはローリングウォーカー/ロールレーター (OR=2.21) の以前の使用 (OR=2.21) を有する患者は,再発性転倒のリスクが高まった.
- 外来労働療法への紹介は,その後の転倒のリスクの低下 (OR=0.26) と関連していました.
- この研究では,平均年齢82年±8歳の患者208人が参加し,69%が女性でした.
結論:
- 物理療法および職業療法における機能的評価と退院計画を立てることは,転倒再入院を予測するのに価値があります.
- 最小限の欠陥を持つより高い機能の患者は,再発的な転倒を防ぐために,退院計画を立てるときに慎重に検討する必要があります.
- 早期の介入と,外来患者による職業療法などの継続的な治療は,高齢者の後の転倒のリスクを軽減することができます.
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