最古の爬虫類の身体の印象は,皮が殻状だった
Lorenzo Marchetti1, Antoine Logghe2, Michael Buchwitz3
1Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
Current biology : CB
|February 13, 2026
まとめ
化石の皮膚の痕跡は,ペルミア紀初期からの幹爬虫類の表皮のスケールの最古の証拠を明らかにしています. この発見は,爬虫類の皮膚の進化と多様化におけるその役割に光を当てています.
科学分野:
- パレオントロジー・パレオントロジー
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 脊椎動物の古生物学について
背景:
- 表皮のは,現代の爬虫類の重要な体構造ですが,その進化的起源はまだよくわかっていません.
- 初期の爬虫類の皮膚構造,特に柔らかい表皮のスケールに関する化石の証拠は,保存が良くないため,稀である.
- 痕跡化石は,古代の体構造の形態学と進化に関する貴重な洞察を提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- 幹爬虫類における表皮のスケールの最古の決定的な化石証拠を提示する.
- 殻状の皮膚の印の例外的な詳細を保存した新しい休息する痕跡化石を記述するために.
- 幹爬虫類の多様化における表皮のスケールの初期の進化と重要性を調査する.
主な方法:
- 初期のアセリアン・ゴールドラウター・フォーメーション (ドイツ) の,新たに記述された休息している痕跡化石 (Cabarzichnus pulchrus) の分析.
- 身体の印をヴァラノプス (Varanopus microdactylus) の足跡と関連付け,トラックメーカーを特定する.
- 化石スケールインプレッションの比較形質学的分析,現存および絶滅した分類.
主要な成果:
- 明らかに表皮のスケール保存を示す,最も古く,最も完全な体印の発見,パレオゾーイク幹爬虫類.
- Varanopus microdactylusの足跡と明確な関連があり,ボロサウルスのトラックメーカーを特定しました.
- 尾と風口の領域に独特のスケール形状を特定し,現代のスクワメトに似ています.
結論:
- この発見は,幹爬虫類における表皮の最も初期の発生を示しており,初期アセリアン (初期ペルミアン) にさかのぼります.
- カーボン期末のアムニオットにおける表皮と皮膚のの共存と,アセリアン系幹爬虫類における差異化が支持されている.
- 皮膚皮のスケールの進化は,大きな環境変化に先立ち,幹爬虫類の多様化を促進した可能性が高い.
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