病院における使い捨て処置用パッケージからの廃棄物の削減: スコーピングレビュー
Alexandra R Seville1,2, Katy Jl Bell3, Kristen M Pickles3
1NSW Health Net Zero, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia.
Anaesthesia and intensive care
|February 13, 2026
まとめ
廃棄物を削減することは,経済的にも環境的にも大きな利益をもたらします. 介入により,浪費を削減し,コストを削減し,炭素排出量を削減することができ,患者のケアに悪影響を与えない.
科学分野:
- 医療廃棄物管理 医療廃棄物管理について
- 病院における環境の持続可能性
- 外科手術の手術パック最適化
背景:
- 事前包装された処置用パックに含まれる単回使用品は,病院の廃棄物に大きく貢献しています.
- 現在の廃棄物処理法は,未使用品の廃棄をパッケージ開封後にもたらしています.
- これらのパッケージからの廃棄物の削減を目的とした介入の評価が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 病院の手術用パックからの廃棄物の削減を目的とした介入と比較に関する公表された証拠を統合する.
- このようなイニシアチブの経済的,環境的,患者/スタッフへの影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,およびScopusのデータベースの体系的な文献検索を行いました.
- 介入および病因学的観察研究を含み,記述的および二次的研究を除く.
- 14件の研究を分析し,品質改善研究,ライフサイクルの評価,監査を含む調査を行った.
主要な成果:
- 8件の研究では,一包あたりの品数の減少が報告されています.
- 3つの研究では,単回使用品から再利用品への移行が記録されています.
- 相当な財政的節約 (最大49.43米ドル/パッケージ) と廃棄物の削減 (最大2042g/パッケージ) が報告されました.
- 環境上の利点には,CO2等価 (CO2e) 排出量の削減 (パッケージあたり最大860g) が含まれており,再利用可能なアイテムは,非化石燃料主導のエネルギー分野では,排出量を90%削減する可能性があります.
- スタッフや患者への悪影響は認められなかった.
結論:
- 使い捨てパッケージの廃棄物を減らすためのイニシアチブは効果的です.
- これらの取り組みは,大幅な財政的節約,資源消費の削減,CO2e排出量の削減につながる可能性があります.
- 再利用品への移行とパッケージの最適化は,持続可能な医療廃棄物管理のための実行可能な戦略です.
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