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極端な暑さへの産前曝露と子供の自閉症
David G Luglio1, Xin Yu2, Jane C Lin3
1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.
The Science of the total environment
|February 13, 2026
まとめ
妊娠初期と後半の夜間高温は,子供の自閉症リスクの増加と関連しています. この発見は,地球全体の気温上昇を考慮して懸念され,温度に関するさらなる調査を正当化しています.
科学分野:
- 環境疫学 環境疫学
- 神経発達障害 神経発達障害とは
- 気候変動の影響 気候変動の影響
背景:
- 地球全体の気温上昇は,神経発達の悪影響と関連しています.
- 自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) の産前リスク要因は,ますます認識されています.
- 妊娠中の体温が自閉症の発達に与える影響については,これまで研究されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 妊娠中の体温変動と子供の自閉症発症リスクとの関連を調査する.
- 自閉症と関連した産前温度被曝の重要な窓を特定する.
主な方法:
- 2001年から2014年の間に生まれた294,937人の子どもを対象とした遡及的出生コホート研究.
- 5歳までに自閉症の診断を特定するために,電子医療記録を利用した.
- gridMETモデルを用いた週間の最大 (Tmax) と最小 (Tmin) の気温を母体住居で推定する.
- 温度-自閉症リスクを評価するために,非線形分布のレイグを持つコックスの比例リスクモデルを使用した.
主要な成果:
- 妊娠初期 (1〜10週) と後半 (30〜37週) の極端な夜間最低気温 (Tmin) への曝露は,自閉症のリスクの増加と関連していました.
- 99th vs. 50th パーセンチルのTmin 曝露に対する危険比率 (95% CI) は,週1-10で 1.154 (1.040, 1.288) と週30-37.2で 1.132 (1.030, 1.246) でした.
- 昼間の最高気温 (Tmax) と自閉症のリスクとの間に有意な関連性は見つかりませんでした.
結論:
- 特定の妊娠初期と後半の時期に夜間温度が上昇することは,子供における自閉症のリスクが高いことと関連しています.
- これらの発見は,神経発達の結果に対する気候変動の潜在的な影響を強調しています.
- Tmin アソシエーションとTmax アソシエーションの欠如の背後にあるメカニズムを解明するためにさらなる研究が必要です.
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