HUNT研究では,ヒトの腸内微生物群の組成と再現可能に関連した宿主の遺伝因子を特定しています
Marta Riise Moksnes1, Eivind Coward2, Maria Nethander3
1Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. marta.r.moksnes@ntnu.no.
Nature genetics
|February 13, 2026
まとめ
ホストの遺伝子は,腸内微生物の組成に大きく影響し,人間の健康や病気に影響を与えます. この研究は,腸内細菌との新しい遺伝的リンクを特定し,潜在的にセリアック病のような状態に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 人間の遺伝学 人間の遺伝学
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
背景:
- 腸内微生物群は,人間の健康と病気において重要な役割を果たしています.
- 腸内微生物群の組成に対する宿主の遺伝的影響を理解することは,疾患のメカニズムを解明するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 腸内微生物群の組成に影響を与える宿主遺伝因子を特定するために,全ゲノム関連研究 (GWAS) を実施する.
- 特定された関連を独立した北欧のコホートで複製する.
- ホストの遺伝子,腸内微生物群,および特定の疾患の間の関係を調査する.
主な方法:
- トロンデラグ健康研究 (HUNT) の12,652人を対象とした全ゲノム関連研究 (GWAS).
- 北欧のコホートから16,017-21,976人の個体での複製分析.
- シングル・ヌクレオチド・ポリモルフィズム (SNP) 種の関連と,機能モジュールの遺伝信号の識別.
- フォローアップ分析とメンデルのランダム化 (MR) で因果関係を評価する.
主要な成果:
- 既知の (LCT, ABO) および新しい (HLA-DQB1, MUC12, SLC37A2, FUT2) 領域を含む6つのゲノムロキュアにわたって,再現可能なSNP種の12の関連性を特定しました.
- 3つの位置 (LCT,ABO,FUT2) で腸内微生物群の機能モジュールに関連した遺伝信号が検出されました.
- 宿主-微生物群の関連性は,セリアック病と出血管疾患の病原化に関連しています.
- MR分析は,体量指数が腸内微生物群の構成に因果的な影響を及ぼすことを支持した.
結論:
- ホストの遺伝子は,腸内微生物群の組成を形作る上で重要な役割を果たします.
- 腸内微生物群に影響を与える新しい遺伝的位置が特定されました.
- これらの宿主-微生物群の相互作用は,特定の疾患の病原性に関与し,BMIなどの要因の影響を受けています.
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