ヨーロッパにおける睡眠障害の流行病学と経済的負担
Claudio L A Bassetti1, Luisa S Welter2, Mateo Montes-Martinez2
1Medical Faculty, University of Bern and Neurology Department, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.
European journal of neurology
|February 14, 2026
まとめ
睡眠障害 (SD) は,健康と社会に大きな影響を与えますが,その負担は過小評価されています. この研究は,ヨーロッパ全土で高い流行率と実質的な経済的コストを明らかにし,公衆衛生戦略における重大なギャップを強調しています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 健康経済学 医療経済学
背景:
- 睡眠障害 (SD) は,神経学的,精神的,身体的,社会的健康に重大な影響を及ぼします.
- SDの流行病学的および経済的負担は,十分に分析されていないままです.
- この研究は,ヨーロッパにおけるSDの流行病学とコストを調査することによって,知識のギャップを解決します.
研究 の 目的:
- 欧州47カ国の5つの主要な睡眠障害 (不眠症,阻害性睡眠無呼吸症 (OSA),ナルコレプシー,不安な足症候群 (RLS),レム睡眠行動障害 (RBD)) の流行病学と経済的負担を分析する.
- SDの流行とコストに関する文献における現在の知識のギャップを特定する.
- 睡眠の健康への影響を定量化することで,公衆衛生戦略を策定する.
主な方法:
- 体系的な文献レビュー (PubMed, Jan 2010-Apr 2023) と専門家の通信は,流行病学と疾病コスト (COI) 研究を特定しました.
- 5つの主要なSDの流行率を含む4つの疫学的パラメータを調査しました.
- 経済分析は,PPP調整された2019ユーロを使用して,国別経済要因を考慮して,直接的,間接的,非公式の介護費用を階層化しました.
主要な成果:
- 大人の罹患率の推定値は,OSA (18%),不眠症 (10%),RLS (3%),ナルコレプシー (0.03%),RBD (0.009%) である.
- 経済データは,高所得層のヨーロッパに限られていた. OSAは最も高いコスト (1840億ユーロ) を負い,次に不眠症 (1580億ユーロ) が続いた.
- 直接的および間接的コストは,合計コストのそれぞれ48%と52%を占め,非公式の介護費用は評価されなかった.
結論:
- SDの高い罹患率と経済的負担は,実質的で,公衆衛生におけるその無視と対照的です.
- 睡眠障害の全負担に関する研究を急務に必要としている.
- 睡眠の健康とSDの管理は,公衆衛生戦略において優先されるべきです.
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