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長期のダイエットと体組成と骨密度の変化:体系的なレビューとメタ解析
Jana Jabbour1, Zeinab Issa2, Tala Jaafar1
1Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Nutrition reviews
|February 14, 2026
まとめ
高脂肪低炭水化物ダイエットは,適度なマクロニュートリエントダイエットと比較して,脂肪質をわずかに減少させました. 体組成と骨のミネラル密度に対する長期的なダイエット効果については,さらなる質の高い研究が必要です.
科学分野:
- 栄養科学 栄養学 栄養科学は,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学が,栄養学は,栄養学が,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は,栄養学は
- メタボリック・ヘルス (代謝の健康)
- ダイエット介入 ダイエット介入
背景:
- 体の組成 (BC) と骨のミネラル密度 (BMD) に対する様々なダイエットの長期的な影響は十分に確立されていません.
- 肥満および関連する代謝障害は,食生活が身体の組成と骨の健康に与える影響を理解する必要があります.
- システマティック・レビューの登録:PROSPERO no. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD42018103116. CRD420181011111は,CRD4は,CRD4は,CRD4は,CRD4は,CRD4は,CRDは,CRDは,CRDは,CRDは,CRDは,CRDは,CRDは,CRDは,CRDは,という単語が使われている
研究 の 目的:
- 体重減少を誘発する食事による介入が,体組成と骨のミネラル密度に及ぼす長期的な効果 (≥12ヶ月) を体系的に評価する.
- 適度なマクロ栄養素 (MM),低脂肪/高炭水化物 (LFHC),高脂肪/低炭水化物 (HFLC) のダイエットを含む,異なる食事パターンの有効性を比較する.
- 体重指数 (BMI) ≥25kg/m2の成人の脂肪量,筋量,骨のミネラル密度に対するこれらの食事の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 体系的な文献検索は,Medline,Embase,PubMed,Cochrane Libraryのデータベースで実施されました.
- ランダム化比較試験 (RCT) を含め,12ヶ月以上継続し,BMI ≥25kg/m2.2の成人の参加者を対象とした.
- データ抽出とバイアスのリスク評価は,独立して2回行われ,RevMan 5.3.3を用いたメタ分析が行われました.
主要な成果:
- 23のRCTが含まれており,ほとんどのRCTはバイアスのリスクが高くまたは不明であり,介入期間は12ヶ月でした.
- 高脂肪低炭水化物 (HFLC) ダイエットは,適度なマクロ栄養素 (MM) ダイエット (MD, -2.88 kg) と比較して,脂肪質のわずかな減少を示しました.
- MMダイエットと通常のダイエット (UD),HFLCダイエットとLFHCダイエットとの間で脂肪量減少の有意な違いは観察されなかった. 骨のミネラル密度に関するデータは少ないが,高タンパク質の食事には潜在的な利点があると指摘された.
結論:
- 高脂肪低炭水化物ダイエットは,適度なマクロ栄養素ダイエットと比較して,脂肪の減少にわずかな利点があります.
- ダイエット介入は,他の身体組成のパラメータにおいて有意な差異を示さなかったし,骨のミネラル密度に関するデータは限られている.
- 更に高品質で長期にわたるランダム化対照試験は,様々なダイエットが身体の組成と骨のミネラル密度に与える影響を明らかにするために不可欠です.
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