精神障害における新しい有望なバイオマーカーとして,神経イメージングによる脳年齢
Ruopeng Zhao1, Ruiyang Ge2, Xueyi Zhang3
1Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Institute of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Psychoradiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Medical Technology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
|February 14, 2026
まとめ
脳老化の加速を測定する脳年齢は,精神障害の診断の可能性を示しています. このバイオマーカーは,統合失調症や神経認知障害において特に顕著であり,重要な神経ネットワークの関与を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 精神科医は精神病を患っている.
- メディカルイマージング (医学イメージング)
背景:
- 精神障害は,しばしば脳老化の加速と相関する.
- メンタルヘルスにおける脳年齢の診断と分類の有用性は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 様々な精神障害における脳年齢の診断価値を評価する.
- これらの条件下で加速された脳老化の根底にある神経機構を特定する.
主な方法:
- パブメド,ウェブ・オブ・サイエンス,エンバース (Nov 2025まで) の68件の研究を体系的にレビューした.
- DSM-5の診断カテゴリーにおける脳年齢の比較.
- 主要な脳領域と関連するニューラルネットワークの特定.
主要な成果:
- 診断カテゴリー (F = 5.13,p = 0.004) において,脳年齢の有意な差異が見つかりました.
- 統合失調症のスペクトル障害は最大の効果サイズを示した (d = 3.49),次に神経認知 (d = 3.27) と気分障害 (d = 1.41) が続いた.
- 中央エグゼクティブ,デフォルトモード,および目立つネットワークは,診断特有のバリエーションで,一般的に関与していました.
結論:
- 脳年齢は,精神障害の診断と分類のためのバイオマーカーとしての潜在能力を示しています.
- 脳年齢に関連するニューラルネットワークの変化は,異なる精神疾患によって異なります.
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