腎臓の健康に関する人種・民族の格差を減らすために,フルーツと野菜へのアクセスを改善する
Aisha H Montgomery1, Donald E Wesson2
1Applied Sciences, Premier, Inc., Charlotte, NC, USA.
まとめ
果物と野菜 (F&V) の摂取を増やすことは,慢性腎臓病 (CKD) の進行を遅らせ,心血管疾患 (CVD) の死亡率を減らすことができます. コミュニティレベルでの戦略は,腎臓の健康における人種間の格差を減らすのに役立ちます.
科学分野:
- ネフロロジーは腎臓科
- 公共衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 栄養科学とは,栄養科学である.
背景:
- 慢性腎臓病 (CKD) は,アメリカ合衆国のアフリカ系アメリカ人およびヒスパニック系住民に不均衡な影響を及ぼしています.
- 既存の薬理学的治療法では,CKDの進行,合併症,死亡率の格差をなくすことができなかった.
- 心血管疾患 (CVD) は,CKD患者の主要な死因です.
研究 の 目的:
- CKDにおける人種/民族の格差に対処するコミュニティレベルの戦略の役割を探求する.
- 果物と野菜 (F&V) の豊富な食事の不足をCKD管理で強調する.
- CKDのアウトカムを改善し,CVDのリスクを減らすために,F&Vの消費の増加の可能性を調査する.
主な方法:
- CKD,食事介入,健康格差に関する既存の文献のレビュー.
- F&Vの摂取量,CKDの進行,およびCVDのリスクとの関連性の分析.
- マイノリティ化されたコミュニティのF&Vアクセスに影響を与える社会経済的要因の検討.
主要な成果:
- F&Vが豊富な食事は,CKDの発生率,進行,死亡率の低下,心血管疾患のリスクの改善と関連しています.
- 介入研究では,高量のF&Vを摂るダイエットは,標準的なケアと組み合わせると,CKDの進行を遅らせ,CVDの死亡率を低下させることを示しています.
- 貧困,限られた教育,低水準の健康に関する識字は,F&Vへのアクセスを阻害し,サービス不足の集団におけるCKDのアウトカムを悪化させている.
結論:
- コミュニティレベルでのF&Vへのアクセスを拡大することで,CKD患者の食事の遵守が増加する可能性があります.
- F&Vの消費量の増加は,CKDおよび関連疾患のアウトカムを改善し,死亡率を下げるのに有望である.
- 米国全土で腎臓の健康に関する人種的,民族的格差を減らすために,証拠に基づいた,コミュニティレベルのF&V戦略が必要である.
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