2018年から2024年にかけての緩和医療の意識と理解における人種差の変化
1Leonard Davis School of Gerontology (Y.Z., S.E.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Journal of pain and symptom management
|February 14, 2026
まとめ
2018年から2024年にかけて,緩和ケアに関する意識は全国的に増加したが,理解は減少した,特に少数民族の間で減少した. これは,緩和ケアに関するより良い公衆教育の必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 医療サービス 研究 医療サービス
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- ゲロントロジーはゲロントロジーの学科です.
背景:
- 緩和医療は,米国保健医療システムにおいて,過去10年間で著しく拡大しています.
- しかし,緩和ケアに対する公衆の意識と理解における人口レベルの傾向は,まだ十分に研究されていないままです.
- これらの傾向に関する最近のデータ,特に多様な人口集団に関するデータは,公衆衛生戦略の情報提供に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国の人口における緩和ケアに関する意識と理解の動向を分析する.
- 2018年から2024年の間に,これらの傾向がさまざまな人種および民族グループでどのように異なるかを検討する.
主な方法:
- ヘルス・インフォメーション・ナショナル・トレンド・サーベイ (HINTS) のデータ (2018年と2024年) の2つの波を利用した.
- 大きなサンプルサイズ (2018年には2,793人,2024年には6,016人) を含む.
- 多変数ロジスティック回帰と相互作用用語を採用し,人種/民族間の社会統計学的な関連と時間的な傾向を評価しました.
主要な成果:
- 2018年から2024年の間に,すべてのグループで緩和ケアに対する意識は,29%から51%に大幅に増加しました.
- 非ヒスパニック系白人の参加者は,最も高い認識レベル (33%から53%まで) を報告しました.
- 対照的に,緩和ケアに対する理解は全体的に減少した (72%から55%),非ヒスパニック系黒人の間で最も顕著な減少 (75%から48%).
結論:
- 調査結果は,公衆の意識の向上を示しているが,同時に緩和ケアに関する混乱が増加していることを示している.
- 傾向を理解する際の格差が観察され,少数派集団はより急激な減少を経験しました.
- 緩和医療の理解を向上させるために,強化された,文化的に敏感な公共教育イニシアチブが緊急に必要とされています.
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