農村と地域の医師のストレスとリテンションの課題:混合的な方法の体系的なレビューと行動の枠組み
Joëlle V F Coumans1,2, Ilona Ciller1,2
1University of New England, School of Rural Medicine, Elm Avenue, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
Journal of public health (Oxford, England)
|February 15, 2026
まとめ
職場のストレスは,農村部の医師に大きく影響し,バーンアウトとターンオーバーにつながります. 医師の福祉と支援に焦点を当てたシステム改革は,持続可能な農村保健医療にとって不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 医療の実践 医療の実践
- 田舎の健康について
背景:
- 職場のストレスは,重い作業量と限られたリソースのために,農村の医師にとって重要な問題です.
- 人口の変化と医療インフラの課題は,田舎の医療環境におけるストレスを悪化させています.
研究 の 目的:
- 農村の医師のストレス関連のアウトカムをレビューする.
- 医師のストレスに寄与し,それを軽減する要因を特定する.
- 農村保健医療における持続可能な介入のための枠組みを提案する.
主な方法:
- 5つのデータベースで2020年1月から2025年までの24件の研究を体系的にレビューしました.
- 入会基準は,農村,遠隔地,または地域の医師に焦点を当てました.
- データ合成は,品質評価によるPRISMAガイドラインに従った.
主要な成果:
- 燃え尽きることが主な結果であり,作業負荷,自律性の低下,仕事と生活のバランスの不良によって引き起こされます.
- 地理的な隔離は,不安,うつ,睡眠の問題に寄与します.
- 仕事の不満が欠勤の原因となり,自主性,認知度,多様な作業が保護要因となる.
結論:
- 田舎の医療を維持するには,医師の福祉と自律性を優先する体制改革が必要である.
- 自己実現と文化に敏感なケアをサポートする,公平性に基づく枠組みは不可欠です.
- 将来の研究は,農村保健システムにおける文脈特有の構造変化に焦点を当てるべきである.
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